AP Environmental Science Lecture Notes

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These flashcards cover key vocabulary and concepts from the AP Environmental Science lecture notes.

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16 Terms

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Tragedy of the Commons

A situation in which individuals use shared public resources in their own self-interest, leading to degradation of those resources.

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Overfishing

Catching so many fish that the remaining population cannot sustain itself, leading to fishery collapse.

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Negative Externalities

Costs associated with human actions not accounted for in the price, such as pollution impacting local communities.

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Green Revolution

A significant shift in agriculture characterized by increased mechanization, use of GMOs, irrigation, and fertilizers to boost food supply.

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High Yield Variety (HYV) Crops

Crops developed to produce higher yields through hybridization or genetic modification.

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Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs)

Synthetic compounds that do not easily break down in the environment and accumulate in living organisms.

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Biological Magnification

The process by which pollutants become more concentrated as they move up the food chain.

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Endocrine Disruptors

Chemicals that interfere with hormonal systems, potentially causing reproductive and developmental issues.

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Municipal Solid Waste (MSW)

Trash generated by households and businesses, distinct from hazardous waste.

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Sustainable Forestry

Forest management practices aimed at minimizing ecosystem damage while using trees for lumber.

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Leachate

Liquid that drains or 'leaches' from a landfill, potentially contaminating groundwater.

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NIMBY (Not In My BackYard)

A societal attitude where communities oppose local developments like landfills due to perceived negative impacts.

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Acid Rain

Precipitation that has been made acidic by environmental factors, leading to harmful effects on ecosystems.

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Reforestation

The process of replanting trees in deforested areas to restore ecosystems.

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Eutrophication

Nutrient enrichment of water bodies, often leading to excessive growth of algae and depletion of oxygen.

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Climate Change

Long-term alteration of temperature and typical weather patterns in a place, primarily driven by human activities.