Atomic structure & periodic table

What does an atom contain?

A positively charged nucleus with orbiting negatively charged electrons.

What is a proton?

A particle with a positive charge of +1 and a relative mass of 1.

What is a neutron?

A particle with no net charge and a relative mass of 1.

What is an electron?

A particle with a negative charge of -1 and a relative mass of 1/2000.

What does a nucleus contain?

Protons and neutrons make up the nucleus. The nucleus contains most of an atom’s mass.

What is an atom’s electrical charge?

Atoms have no overall charge because the number of protons and electrons are equal. Therefore, the positive and negative charges balance out to an overall charge of 0.

What is atomic number?

The number of protons in the nucleus—this dictates what element it is.

What is mass number?

The relative mass of the atom given by the total number of protons and neutrons.

What is an isotope?

Atoms of the same element with the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons. As a result, they have different masses.

How do you calculate the relative atomic mass of elements with more than one isotope?

Relative atomic mass = (isotope 1 mass × abundance) + (isotope 2 mass × abundance)) ÷ 100. Keep repeating for all isotope masses. Abundance is in %.

How are elements arranged in the periodic table?

In order of increasing atomic (proton) number, which places elements with similar properties in the same column (group).

What are the columns of the periodic table called?

Groups.

What are the rows of the periodic table called?

Periods.

Where are metals found in the periodic table?

The left side and centre of the periodic table.

Where are non-metals found in the periodic table?

Right side.