Common Medical Abbreviations 2 and Their Meanings

GI

Pertains to the physiological tract responsible for processing nutrients and managing waste products.

GTT

A diagnostic protocol evaluating systemic glucose regulation over a timed period following ingestion.

H&P

A dual-format clinical document summarizing background health status and objective exam findings.

HCG

A biomarker predominantly associated with early gestational physiology and used for diagnostic screening.

HDL

A lipoprotein fraction involved in reverse lipid transport, contributing to vascular protection.

HEENT

A standard regional assessment domain focusing on upper anatomical structures prone to early clinical signs.

Hgb

A metalloprotein essential for gaseous transport and tissue oxygenation efficiency.

HIV

A retroviral pathogen that selectively targets and suppresses immune competency over time.

HPI

A focused narrative describing the origin, pattern, and progression of a patient's primary concern.

HR

The quantifiable frequency of circulatory contractions per unit time.

HTN

A pathologic elevation in arterial tension exceeding normative thresholds on a sustained basis.

ICD

A surgically placed device mitigating arrhythmic risk / A coding taxonomy used in global morbidity classification.

ICU

A designated care unit equipped for continuous monitoring of physiologically unstable patients.

IM

Refers to parenteral delivery into muscular tissue for depot-based pharmacologic effect.

INR

A lab-derived ratio standardizing clotting time, commonly used in anticoagulation management.

IOP

The internal force within the ocular chamber, relevant in disorders involving optic nerve damage.

IPV

A prophylactic biological preparation containing inactivated viral components to confer immunity.

IV

A parenteral administration route allowing direct systemic entry of therapeutic agents.

IVF

Refers to fluid management through vascular access / Assisted reproductive technology performed ex vivo.

JVD

A visible manifestation of central venous congestion typically noted in upright positioning.

KUB

A non-invasive imaging technique for preliminary visualization of select excretory and adjacent structures.

L&D

A clinical setting dedicated to parturition support and perinatal monitoring.

LDH

A cellular enzyme released into circulation following cytolytic or ischemic events.

LDL

A cholesterol carrier contributing to atherogenesis and vascular pathology when elevated.

LFT

A panel of biochemical assays used to evaluate hepatocellular integrity and metabolic capacity.

LMP

The date used as a temporal marker in reproductive and obstetric assessments.

LP

A sterile diagnostic procedure for obtaining cerebrospinal fluid from the subarachnoid space.

LR

An isotonic crystalloid infusion designed to replenish fluid and electrolyte balance.

LVH

A structural adaptation characterized by thickening of myocardial tissue due to chronic workload demand.

MI

An ischemic event resulting in localized necrosis of contractile myocardial fibers.

MRI

A diagnostic modality utilizing magnetic fields and radiofrequency waves to visualize internal soft tissue structures.

MS

Either a demyelinating central nervous system disorder or a reference to the body's locomotor framework.

MVA

An event involving vehicular trauma often resulting in blunt force injuries.

NAD

A shorthand term indicating absence of distress or overt clinical abnormalities on initial assessment.

NPO

A pre-procedural instruction restricting oral intake to reduce aspiration risk.

NSAID

A pharmacologic class inhibiting cyclooxygenase enzymes, reducing inflammation and pain without steroidal involvement.

NSTEMI

A form of acute coronary syndrome presenting without segment elevation on electrocardiogram but with myocardial injury.

OCP

Hormonal agents administered orally to modulate reproductive endocrine pathways.

OD

Denotes right-side ocular application or a regimen involving once-daily dosing.

OR

A controlled environment designated for invasive operative interventions.

OSA

A chronic condition involving intermittent upper airway obstruction during sleep, leading to hypoxic episodes.

OTC

Therapeutics available for purchase without requiring prescriptive authorization.

P&T

An institutional committee overseeing clinical drug policy, formulary decisions, and medication safety.

PACU

A transitional care unit managing patients recovering from anesthetic administration post-procedure.

PAT

An episodic supraventricular rhythm disturbance characterized by abrupt onset and termination.

PCA

An analgesic delivery method allowing patient-regulated dosing within prescribed safety parameters.

PCP

A frontline medical provider for comprehensive care / An opportunistic infection in immunocompromised hosts.

PERRLA

A standard neurological observation indicating intact pupillary symmetry and responsiveness.

PET

An imaging study that detects cellular metabolic rates using radiolabeled tracers.

N/A

Indicates that the item, data, or field holds no relevance to the current context or lacks recorded input.