police role

august vollmer

first police chief, father of modern police administration, signal system

signal system

lights, codes, response time, bike police, radios, lie detector, college men and woman

bertillon system

system of description

system of description

measurements, body markings, photographs, fingerprints

hue and cry

the alarm that citizens were required to raise upon the witness or discovery of a criminal offense.

3 functions of police

peacekeeping, law enforcement, service

peacekeeping

crowd control, prevent disorder

law enforcement

crime is involved, investigation would ensure, arrest and reports

service deilvery

assisting citizens, speaking at high schools, helping with homeless, helping people in general etc

wickersham commission

conducted a study of crime and criminal justice in the US, proposed sweeping changes in american policing based on their findings

3 developmental stages

informal, transitional, formal

informal

early societies, everyone shared policing responsibilities

transitional

more people, designated duties, voluntary

formal

specific people whose primary occupation was policing

england

tied to traditions, freedom in civil liberties, evolving conflict between freedom and order, centralized to the king

japan/east

samurai were nobility, assigned police duties, allegiant to the overlord/emperor, wanted to westernize, they have a national police force

france

seen as cowardice but has developed the most efficient police model

europe

show how strong the government is, majority have national police force, one set of laws, more devoted to the government (centralized)

roman

order and punishment was maintained by family

italy

independent principalities, very centralized, constitutional monarchy, police for whole country rather than by state, laws are same for everyone,

Utilitarian Philosophy

punishment seeks to punish offenders to discourage, or "deter," future wrongdoing

3 components of justice system

police, court and correction

police

enforcement and maintenance of order

court

interpretation of laws

corrections

enforcing punishment as defined by court system

northeast

industrial centers, crime was common, policing came from europe (had sheriffs, marshals and watchmen), london metropolitan police, each city had their own police force,

south

slavery, wanted control over the slave workforce, not worried about other things
-No official agencies, people just got together and decided to form the slave patrol

west

last settled colony, vigilantism, weren't formal, judge/jury/executioner, not sanctioned

four types of police

municipal, state, federal, private

municipal

townships, cities, villages, local police, legally incorporated by documents

state

highway patrol, patrols interstates, assists locals. Special investigative agencies, park rangers, liquor control, fire marshalls, agents

federal

agencies that have special federal jurisdiction, operate anywhere in the united states, customs, DEA, ATF, coast guard, FBI. All divided by certain types of law

private

range from security guards to people at power plants/sports games/places of employment. Usually hire off duty police officers, some have weapons some don't, powers are limited

3 types of policing

watchmen, legalistic, service

watchmen

laid back, may or may not intervene

service

upper division communities, not too much crime

legalistic

by the book, more militant, stop and give tickets more often, not likely to get warnings

racial profiling

make judgment on race only

police discretion

when and whether to enforce the law, then and there that the choice must be made, decisions police make

most important function of police

order maintence

mechanical society

underdeveloped, robotic, follow rules

organic society

more developed, not everyone self sufficient, rely on each other

kith and kin policing

familial concept, policing as shared responsibility

statute of winchester

created the watchmen, designated by the constable

metropolitan police

model that the US has and still uses for policing, study of policing and launched reform bill (improving police), control police and swear them in

bow street runners

henry fielding, first pro police force

Peele

father of modern policing

london bobbys

peels officers that are, used to be peelers, are now known as...

new york

where the first and largest police force was located

slave patrol

ride between plantations to watch for escaped slaves

duties of slave patrol

-safety of the owners of slaves
-making sure the slave owners were maintaining proper discipline
-enforcing the ban on educating slaves
-making sure the slaves that did go between plantations had the proper paperwork

statute of winchester

created the watchmen, designated by the constable

metropolitan police

model that the US has and still uses for policing, study of policing and launched reform bill (improving police), control police and swear them in

bow street runners

henry fielding, first pro police force

Peele

father of modern policing

statute of winchester

created the watchmen, designated by the constable

metropolitan police

model that the US has and still uses for policing, study of policing and launched reform bill (improving police), control police and swear them in

bow street runners

henry fielding, first pro police force

statute of winchester

created the watchmen, designated by the constable

metropolitan police

racial profiling

make judgment on race only