Exam 3 Quiz Questions

T/F: temperatures above the thermoneutral zone will increase feed intake

False

T/F: temperatures below the thermoneutral zone will increase heat production

True

T/F: HfE (heat of fermentation) decreases with high fiber feeds

False

T/F: a megacalorie is the equivalent of 1000 calories

False

T/F: it is likely for animals to develop a toxicity to K, Na, and Cl

False

Define HdE

Heat of digestion and absorption

Define HfE

Heat of fermentation

Define HwE

Heat of waste product formation and excretion

Define HrE

Heat of product formation

T/F: feeding crystalline AA can lead to high Cl in the diet due to combining Cl to the AA complex

T/F: a deficiency in sodium can reduce growth and feed efficiency

ME can be estimated from DE given assumptions about energy loss from urine and gas. What is the calculation?

ME = 0.82 x DE

T/F: an overconsumption of chlorine can cause hypertension

False

T/F: TDN undervalues protein because it doesn't 100% combust in the body

True

T/F: parakeratosis can develop with a deficiency of Zinc

True

T/F: indirect calorimetry uses a measurement of gases produced and converts it to a mathematical energy value

True

T/F: net energy from a protein is higher than fat due to the energy required to dispose of the byproducts from N metabolism

False

T/F: TDN considers losses from heat and urine

False

T/F: DDGs (dried distillers grains) can often lead to consumption of high levels of sulfur

True

A calorimeter gives a value of energy be measuring what?

Heat released form combustion

PEM can occur in ruminants with a toxicity of this mineral

Sulfur

A deficiency in this mineral can cause pica

Phosphorous

The trace mineral most commonly associated with the thyroid hormone thyroxin

Iodine

Rickets can be caused by a deficiency of phosphorus and what other mineral?

Calcium

Which mineral is a structural component of vit B12?

Cobalt

Nutritional muscular dystrophy is caused by a deficiency of what?

Selenium

Salt is a common source of what mineral

Sodium

Copper is an antagonist for this mineral

Zinc

Grass tetany is commonly seen in cattle grazing lush pasture in the spring. What mineral deficiency will cause grass tetany?

Magnesium

This mineral when fed at alternating concentrations (at requirements and deficient) can cause striations in wool or hair color due to depigmentation during a deficiency

Copper

T/F: the only mineral with a legal feeding limit is selenium

True

T/F: A deficiency of potassium can lead to an abnormal electrocardiogram

True

T/F: calcium deficiency can be commonly observed in early lactation of dairy cattle

True

T/F: Rickets can be caused by an overconsumption of either calcium or phosphorus

False

T/F: a lactating cow's diet would include low quality forages

False

T/F: scurvy is a disease that develops from a vitamin C toxicity

False

T/F: Pyridoxine is a component of Coenzyme A

False

T/F: Pyridoxine can be found in high quantities in muscle

True

What are common symptoms of Vit E deficiency?

Stiff lamb disease, white muscle disease, encephalomalacia

T/F: Riboflavin is a coenzyme for FAD and FMN

True

Exposure to cassava, brassicas, DDT, and tetracyclines could possibly lead to what condition?

Goiter

Starting form of vit D in metabolism

cholecalciferol/D3

Liver enzyme in vit D metabolism

25-hydroxylase

Form of vit D that goes to the kidney in metabolism

25 hydroxycholecalciferol/calcidiol

Kidney enzyme in vit D metabolism

1-a-hydroxylase

Form of vit D that leaves kidney in metabolism

1,25 di-hydroxycholecalciferol/calcitriol

What organ gets calcitriol into the blood?

Intestines

What nutrients are diffused into the blood in vit D metabolism?

Ca and HPO4

What hormone is part of vit D metabolism?

Parathyroid hormone

T/F: choline is associated with hoof health

False

ADG for a replacement dairy heifer from birth to freshening

1.7-1.8 lbs/day

What is a milk replacer for dairy calves

A high milk-byproduct feed, sold as a powder and reconstituted with water

T/F: black tongue in dogs can be caused by a deficiency in Niacin

True

A deficiency in vit A can lead to loss of night vision because it plays a role in the formation of which protein?

Rhodopsin

T/F: there are 9 nutritionally important water soluble vitamins for livestock

True

The production stage in dairy cattle where BCS is managed by feeding mid to low quality forages and providing ~25 lbs DMI/day is what period?

Far off dry cow

T/F: consuming liver from a polar bear could produce hypervitaminosis A

True

What number/priority most limiting AA should be balanced for first, using corn and SBM, in a poultry diet?

Third

A starter diet for leghorn type chickens should be fed at what percent CP for 6 weeks

18%

A started diet for broiler chickens should contain what percent CP?

23%

T/F: turkeys are commonly fed in split-sex groups to achieve the correct diet composition

True

T/F: linseed meal should be fed in limited amounts to poultry due to the chemical gossypol

False

What plant pigment is used as an additive to produce a deep yellow color in egg yolks?

Xanthophylls

Give an example of a feedstuff that contains xanthophylls

Alfalfa meal, yellow corn, dried algae, marigold petal meal

T/F: molasses can be included in the diet at no more than 2%

True

List 3 reasons why pelleted feed may be more beneficial

less dust, less waste, less sorting, less storage space, good for auto systems, high palatability

A starter diet for turkeys should contain what percent CP?

28%

What is they most widely used plant protein in poultry feeds

Soybean meal

What mineral is fed in reduced amounts in laying hens to decrease wet droppings?

Salt

T/F: to induce molt, laying hens are fed higher protein, energy, and fiber

False