Chapter 20 – Africa & African Slave Trade

Factories

trading stations with resident merchants established by the Portuguese and other Europeans.

Nzinga Mvemba

ruler of the Kongo kingdom (1507–1543); converted to Christianity; his efforts to integrate Portuguese and African ways foundered because of the slave trade.

Royal African Company

chartered in Britain in the 1660s to establish a monopoly over the African trade; supplied slaves to British New World colonies.

triangular trade

complex commercial pattern linking Africa, the Americas, and Europe; slaves from Africa went to the New World; American agricultural products went to Europe; European goods went to Africa.

Dahomey

African state among the Fon peoples; developed in the 17th century centered at Abomey; became a major slave trading state through utilization of Western firearms.

Usuman Dan Fodio

Muslim Fulani leader who launched a great religious movement among the Hausa.

Great Trek

movement inland during the 1830s of Dutch-ancestry settlers in South Africa seeking to escape their British colonial government.

Shaka

Ruler among the Nguni peoples of southeast Africa during the early 19th century; developed military tactics that created the Zulu state.

Mfecane

Wars among Africans in southern Africa during the early 19th century; caused migrations and alterations in African political organization.

Middle Passage

slave voyage from Africa to the Americas; a deadly and traumatic experience.

Saltwater slaves

Name given to slaves born in Africa; distinguished from American-born descendants, the creoles.

Obeah

African religious practices in the British American islands.

Candomble

African religious practices in Brazil among the Yoruba.

Vodun

African religious practices among descendants in Haiti.

Palmares

Angolan-led, large runaway slave state in 17th-century Brazil.

Surinam Maroons

descendants of 18th-century runaway slaves who found permanent refuge in the rainforests of Surinam and French Guiana.