bio mitosis & meiosis

Prophase

Chromosomes condense, spindle fibers form, nuclear envelope breaks down.

Metaphase

Chromosomes align at the cell's center (metaphase plate).

Anaphase

Sister chromatids separate and move to opposite poles.

Telophase

Nuclear envelope reforms, chromosomes decondense.

Cytokinesis

Cytoplasm divides, forming two identical daughter cells.

Prophase I

Chromosomes condense, homologous chromosomes pair (synapsis), crossing-over occurs.

Metaphase I

Homologous pairs align at the center (metaphase plate).

Anaphase I

Homologous chromosomes separate, sister chromatids remain together.

Telophase & Cytokinesis

Two haploid cells form.

Prophase II

Chromosomes condense again.

Metaphase II

Chromosomes align at the center (metaphase plate)

Anaphase II

Sister chromatids separate.

Telophase II & Cytokinesis

Four haploid cells form.

Mitosis

produces 2 diploid (identical) cells; for growth and repair

Meiosis

produces 4 haploid (genetically unique) cells; for sexual reproduction; crossing-over, increasing genetic variation