Zoology quiz #3

Parasitism

Leech feeds on frogs or fish; leech benefits, host is harmed.

Commensalism

Birds nest in reeds; birds benefit, plants unaffected.

Mutualism:

Bees pollinate flowers; both bees and plants benefit.

Define Resource Partitioning

Different species eat different foods or feed in different areas, reducing competition.

Population Dynamics

Changes in population size over time.

Population Dynamics at Teton Marsh

Predators and food limits keep populations balanced.

Evidence of Population Growth

Many insects, frogs, and plants show healthy reproduction.

Density-Independent Factors

Weather, floods, droughts, temperature changes.

Density-Dependent Factors

Competition, disease, predation, parasites.

make a Food Chain (Labeled)

Algae (producer) → Mosquito larva (primary) → Frog (secondary) → Osprey (tertiary)

Ecological Pyramids

Show that energy and number of organisms decrease at each level; many producers, fewer primary consumers, even fewer secondary consumers, and very few top predators.

Law of Sustainability

Sun provides energy; nutrients are recycled by decomposers.

Otters Adaptations

Thick fur, webbed feet, strong swimmer

Otters Habitat/Niche

Semi-aquatic predator; eats fish and frogs, controls prey populations.

Otters Food chain

Fish → Otter

Cutthroat Trout Adaptations

Big fish, camouflage

Cutthroat Trout Habitat/Niche

Freshwater predator; eats insects and small animals, prey for ospreys and otters.

Cutthroat Trout Food chain

Insects → Trout → Osprey.

Osprey Adaptations

Sharp talons, keen eyesight

Osprey Habitat/Niche

Hunts from the air to catch fish

Osprey Food Chain

Trout → Osprey.

Mosquito Symbiosis

Parasitism towards takes blood from moose

Mosquito Habitat/Niche

Water surface / decomposers with there larava

Mosquito Food Chain

Detritus → Larva → Fish/Frog.

Scud (Amphipod) Habitat/Niche

Pond Bottom and eats decaying plants

Scud Food chain

Decaying plants/algae → Scud → Fish/Frog → Otter

Mink adaptations

Thick fur, sharp teeth.

Mink Habitat/Niche

Shoreline predator catches frogs and small animals

Mink Food chain

Frog/Fish → Mink.

Varying Hare adaptions

Fur turns white in winter

Varying hare Habitat/Niche

Forest herbivore camouflage to escape from predators

Varying hare food chain

Plants → Hare → Lynx

American Merganser adaptations

Webbed feet, diving, molts (looses faeathers

American merganser Habitat/Niche

Fish-eating duck in water /controls fish population feeds young

American Merganser food chain

Fish → Merganser.

Leech adaptations

suction cups, camouflage for feeding and hiding

Leech Habitat/Niche

Pond plants, controls population, many babies

Leech food chain

Frog → Leech → Heron.

Leopard Frog adaptations

freeze tolerance

Leopard Frog Habitat/Niche

Pond edge insectivore

Leopard Frog food chain

Insects → Frog → Heron. 

Physa Snail Adaptations

Shell

Physa Snail Habitat/Niche

freshwater, eats algae, prey for fish.

Trumpeter Swan Adaptations

Large body, strong wings, migration, parental care

Trumpeter Swan Habitat/Niche

Pond/lake herbivore; eats plants, protects young, shapes aquatic vegetation.

Beaver Adaptations

Strong teeth, flat tail, builds dams, stores food

Beaver Habitat/Niche

Pond/river builder; creates dams that provide habitat and shape the ecosystem.

Sedimentary rock

Sediment layers compacted over thousands-millions of years.

Metamorphic Rock

Existing rock changed by heat/pressure over millions of years.

Igneous Rock

Cooled magma/lava; quick or slow.

Gravity

Pulls all atoms toward Earth.

Conservation of Matter

Matter isn’t created or destroyed, only rearranged.

Living things in rock cycle

Decay → soil/sediment → rocks → back to soil.

Atoms after death

Recycle into soil, water, air.

Animated rocks

Living things are moving arrangements of atoms found in rocks.