Civil War Study Guide Flashcards

Ulysses S. Grant

Union general; appointed as head general. Appointed after advancing down Mississippi river and destroyed Confederacy. Made Lee surrender in battle of Appomatix.

Robert E. Lee

Confederate general; eventually surrenders at Appomatix ending the war.

General Winfield Scot

Came up with Anaconda Plan.

McClellan

Union commander; good at organization and training and running military. didn’t want to fight, worried about loosing troops.

William Sherman

Union general, ordered by Grant to go into Georgia and pick a fight with South. Marched to Savana and whatever wasn;t of use to them they destroyed.

States that succeeded from Union

North and South Carolina, Mississippi, Florida, Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, Texas, Virginia, Arkansas, Tennessee.

Appomatax

Robert E. Lee surrounded by Union soldiers and surrendered in April 1865.

Strengths for South

defensive war, home field, beg. of war had superior military leadership, farming prepared them.

Strenghts for North

man power, more industrialized (uniforms, clothing, preserved food), better infrastructure (railroads, canals, roads), communication, navy.

Miné bullet

a typee of explosive projectile designed to detonate upon impact, used on both sides of war.

Union strategy: Anaconda Plan

make use of navy to restrict access across Eastern seas from South, control Mississippi river - surround and squeeze, had more drafted ppl.

South strategy

had larger % of drafted soldiers, had majority of professional military. Wanted England and France as allies, but Englad decided they could get cotton from somewhere else.

Causes of civil war

slavery. -abolitionism, Lincoln winning election - South didn’t put his name on ballets and think their views are overlooked.

Railroads

able to move ppl and things, economic benefit with railroad, two routes emerge - choose Northern route.

Manifest Destiny

cultural belief that america would be a coast to coast nation, views things as opportunity, availability to expand.

Harper’s Ferry

small town w army, John Brown and group of ppl took over and believed the could initiate South uprising. Got surrounded, many died, Brown hanged.

South Politics

more democratic, having to learn how to govern, presidency or articles of confederation (go with articles).

North Politics

more republican, create American dollar, Lincoln appoints ppl who will help him stay on right path and tell him when they disagree.

Emancipation Proclamation

states if you’re a rebellious state, your slaves are free. changes war from political to moral, resurgence in support and interest of North.

Gettysburg Address

redefined the Civil War as a struggle for liberty, equality, and the survival of democracy. Acknowledges veterans and what was sacrificed.

Roles of women

nurses for fallen soldiers, in South some ran businesses for men.

Fallout of war

who gets to be in charge of reconstruction - president vs Congress. how to feed and teach former slaves. trying to build a nation with bitterness against one another.

Lincoln’s first Inaugural Speech

aimed to prevent civil war by reassuring the South he would not interfere with slavery where it existed. pledged to maintain federal property and hold the Union together, calling for unity.

Lincoln’s Second Inaugural Speech

call for national unity and healing after the Civil War, viewing the conflict as punishment for slavery, urging reconciliation and lasting peace.