📒 LECTURE 11 — SET B (SEDIMENTARY + FOSSILS + DATING — VERY TESTABLE)
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10 Terms
What is lithification and what are its steps?
The process of forming rock through compaction and cementation
What happens during compaction?
Sediment is pressed together under pressure
What happens during cementation?
Dissolved minerals bind sediment grains together
Why is shale considered the finest sedimentary rock?
It is made of compacted mud with very small particles
How does limestone typically form?
From accumulated shell fragments made of calcium carbonate
What is a fossil?
A preserved remnant, impression, or trace of past life
Why are fossils primarily found in sedimentary rocks?
Because high heat and pressure in other rocks destroy them
What is radiometric dating?
Determining age using radioactive isotope decay
How does carbon dating work?
It measures decay of carbon isotopes with a half-life of 5730 years
Why are different isotopes used for very old fossils?
Because some elements have longer half-lives
