NSE222: Week 2 Sampling and Data Collection Methods in Nursing Research

A comprehensive set of flashcards covering terminology and concepts related to sampling and data collection methods in nursing research.

Sampling Methods

Techniques used to select individuals from a population to participate in a study.

Data Collection Methods

Techniques used to gather information from participants in a research study.

Qualitative Research

Research focused on understanding human experience and social phenomena through non-numerical data.

Target Population

The entire group of individuals that a researcher is interested in studying.

Accessible Population

The portion of the target population that can be reached and studied.

REB Approval

Ethics approval required before conducting research involving human participants.

Non-Probability Sampling

Sampling method where individuals are selected based on subjective judgment rather than random selection.

Convenience Sampling

Selecting participants who are easily accessible to the researcher.

Snowball Sampling

Recruitment method where existing study subjects recruit future subjects from among their acquaintances.

Purposive Sampling

Selecting participants based on specific characteristics or qualities relevant to the study.

Data Saturation

The point in data collection when no new information or themes are emerging.

Self-Report

Participants provide information about themselves through interviews, surveys, or questionnaires.

Interview

A data collection method where researchers ask participants questions to gather detailed information.

Focus Group

Group interview method involving discussions among a small group of participants guided by a facilitator.

Photo Voice

A qualitative data collection method where participants express their experiences through photographs.

Field Notes

Researcher's written observations and reflections made during or after data collection.

Observation

Data collection method involving the systematic watching and recording of behaviors and events.

Social Desirability Bias

Tendency of respondents to answer questions in a manner that they believe will be viewed favorably by others.

Informed Consent

Agreement obtained from participants before their involvement in research, ensuring they are aware of the study's purpose and procedures.

Grand Tour Question

Broad, open-ended question that aims to elicit detailed responses from interviewees.

Semi-Structured Interview

An interview format that includes a flexible set of questions to guide the conversation.

Unstructured Interview

An interview method with no predetermined questions, allowing for a free-flowing conversation.

Verbatim Transcription

Word-for-word transcription of recorded interviews or focus groups.

Diversity of Opinion

The variety of perspectives and viewpoints captured, especially in focus groups.

Qualitative Data Analysis

The process of interpreting and making sense of non-numerical data collected through qualitative research.

Audit Trail

Documentation of the research process to provide transparency and accountability.

Concealment in Observation

Observing participants without their knowledge to avoid altering their natural behavior.

Research Bias

Any influence that can distort the results or outcomes of a study.

Secondary Source

Data collected by someone other than the original researcher, often used for supporting research.

Primary Source

Original data collected directly from participants for a specific research purpose.

Narrative Inquiry

Qualitative research method focused on the stories and personal accounts of participants.

Self-Deception

When individuals subconsciously alter their perceptions or responses to fit social norms.

Participation Consent

Approval given by individuals to take part in research after being informed of their rights and the study's details.

Researcher Bias

Personal beliefs or values that may affect a researcher's observations or interpretations.

Structured Observation

A controlled observation method where specific behaviors are recorded using predetermined criteria.

Limitations of Observational Research

Factors such as observer bias, ethical concerns, and participant reactivity that can affect study outcomes.

Ethical Issues in Research

Considerations ensuring that research is conducted in a manner that respects participant rights and well-being.

Complex Decision-Making

Multiple factors influencing an individual's choices, particularly in healthcare scenarios.

Criteria Sampling

Selecting participants based on predetermined criteria relevant to the research question.

Confirming/Disconfirming Case Sampling

Selecting cases that confirm or challenge existing theories or hypotheses.