Acids & Bases Study Guide

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4 Terms

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What are the 7 strong acids?

  1. HCl — Hydrochloric acid

  2. HBr — Hydrobromic acid

  3. HI — Hydroiodic acid

  4. HNO₃ — Nitric acid

  5. H₂SO₄ — Sulfuric acid (only the 1st H⁺ is strong)

  6. HClO₄ — Perchloric acid

  7. HClO₃ — Chloric acid

2
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Strong Acids Mnemonic

"I Brought Clarity, No Soapy Clothes Clean"

3
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What are the strong bases you should memorize?

Group 1 Hydroxides:

  • LiOH

  • NaOH

  • KOH

  • RbOH

  • CsOH
    (FrOH is technically strong but radioactive and not used)

Heavy Group 2 Hydroxides:

  • Ca(OH)₂

  • Sr(OH)₂

  • Ba(OH)₂

4
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Why is only the first proton of H₂SO₄ considered strong?

Because H₂SO₄ ionizes in two steps:

  1. H₂SO₄ → H⁺ + HSO₄⁻ (strong, 100% dissociation)

  2. HSO₄⁻ ⇌ H⁺ + SO₄²⁻ (weak, only partial dissociation)

So, only the first H⁺ comes off completely like a strong acid.