Affirmative Action Flashcards

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Flashcards about affirmative action, its history, legal challenges, and arguments for and against it.

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12 Terms

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Affirmative Action

Practices designed to increase the percentage of historically excluded groups in employment, education, and government.

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Outreach (Affirmative Action)

Steps to increase applications from target groups without using group membership as the hiring/admission decision basis.

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Tie-breaker (Affirmative Action)

Giving a position to a qualified applicant from a target group when applicants are equally qualified.

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Point System (Affirmative Action)

Awarding points to members of a target group based on their membership in that group.

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Quota System (Affirmative Action)

Hiring/admitting a certain number of applicants from a target group irrespective of qualifications.

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Discrimination

Drawing a distinction between one thing and another; treating different groups of people differently.

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Regents of the University of California v. Bakke

Ruled that the school’s quota system was unconstitutional related to affirmative action policies.

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Grutter v. Bollinger (2003)

Universities can consider race/ethnicity as a “plus” factor in individualized consideration.

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Gratz v. Bollinger (2003)

The court ruled it is not narrowly tailored to achieve the interest in educational diversity.

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Fisher v. University of Texas (2016)

Upheld UT Austin admission policy; benefits of diverse student body served as a basis.

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Students for Fair Admission vs. Harvard (and UNC) (June 2023)

Ruled against race-conscious, points-based affirmative action programs in colleges/universities.

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Axelsen: Affirmative Action and the Relevant Values

Distributive justice, social wellbeing, and compensatory justice.