AP Human Geography Unit 3!

What is popular culture?

Global music styles like K-Pop that spread via social media and appeal to a wide, heterogeneous audience across different regions.

What distinguishes local culture?

Local culture, like Amish communities, maintains distinct clothing, language, and practices, resisting assimilation into mainstream society.

What is cultural landscape?

The visible imprint of human activity and culture on the land, including fields, buildings, and settlement patterns that reflect a region's history and values.

What is hierarchical diffusion?

It is the spread of cultural traits from larger, influential places to smaller, less significant ones, such as fashion trends from Paris to smaller cities.

What is contagious diffusion?

The rapid and widespread spread of cultural traits from person to person, exemplified by phenomena like TikTok dance challenges.

What does relocation diffusion refer to?

Relocation diffusion occurs when people migrate and bring their cultural traits with them, such as Vietnamese immigrants opening restaurants.

What is a stimulation diffusion

______ is when an underlying concept spreads but is adapted by a new culture, like vegetarianism in India leading to localized practices.

Define reverse hierarchical diffusion.

It is the spread of culture or innovation from less significant places to more significant ones, such as Walmart starting in small towns.

What is a hearth?

The origin point of an innovation or idea from which it spreads, like Silicon Valley for technology.

Universalizing religion?

A religion that appeals to all people regardless of location or culture and seeks converts, such as Christianity.

How does an ethnic religion differ from a universalizing religion?

An ethnic religion is associated with a specific ethnic group and region, and does not actively seek converts, like Hinduism.

Assimilation

The process where an immigrant group completely adopts the dominant society's culture, losing their original cultural traits.

What is the difference between assimilation and acculturation?

______ is total adoption of the dominant culture while acculturation involves adopting certain traits of the dominant culture while retaining original elements.

What are toponyms?

Place names that reflect the history, settlement patterns, and cultural influences of a region.

What is syncretism?

The blending of cultural traits and traditions, such as Buddhism blending with Taoism and Confucianism in China.

Define creolization.

The process where a pidgin language develops into a fully formed creole language, becoming a native language for a new generation.

What is a lingua franca?

A language used mutually by speakers of different native languages to facilitate communication, especially in trade.

What is a pidgin language?

A simplified form of speech that develops as communication between groups without a common language; it is not a native language.

How does a creole language develop?

A creole language develops from a pidgin when it acquires a more complex grammar and becomes the native language of a new generation.

What is ethnocentrism?

The belief that one's own culture or political system is inherently superior to others.

List three major religions and their types.

Christianity is a universalizing religion; Hinduism is an ethnic religion; Buddhism, Taoism, and Confucianism are associated with syncretism.

What are taboos?

Social or religious prohibitions against certain behaviors or practices within a culture, such as consuming pork in some cultures.