Studied by 41 people
What organelle is A?
pellicle - A firm, flexible coating outside the plasma membrane
What organelle is B?
chloroplast
What organelle is C?
nucleus
What organelle is D?
stored carbohydrate
What organelle is E?
contractile vacuole
What organelle is F?
eyespot
What organelle is G?
flagellum
Which structure is responsible for the movement of a euglena?
The structure, flagellum
2 types of movement for euglena
Swimming with flagellum and amoeboid movement
To which phylum does euglena belong?
Euglenophyta
The 3 types of Protists
Plant-like, animal-like, fungus-like
How the 3 types of Protists differentiate
how they get nutrients: autotrophic, heterotrophic, saprophytic
Organism that contains both a macronucleus and a micronucleus
Paramecium
Function of the macronucleus in Paramecium
Control of metabolism
Function of the micronucleus in Paramecium
Reproduction
Protist that causes malaria?
Plasmodium
Protist known to cause dysentery
Balantidium coli
What is always part of the life cycle of Sporozoa?
spore formation
What is the unique component of a diatom’s cell wall?
Silicon dioxide
Commercial uses for diatoms
Toothpaste abrasive
Pest control
Filtering liquids
How amoeba move
By contracting and extending pseudopods
Phylum for paramecium
Ciliophora
How does a paramecium move?
By cilia beating rhythmically
Shape of the chloroplasts in spirogyra
Spiral or helical-shaped
Where is chlorophyll found in plant cells?
Chloroplasts
Color of Rhodophyta
Red
Algin uses
A thickening agent; used in ice cream and pudding
Characteristics of kingdom Fungi
Eukaryotic
Cell walls have chitin
Multicellular (most)
mycelium v. hyphae
Mycelium is the main part; hyphae are filaments
Function of rhizoids in fungi
Support and anchor the fungus
Extracellular digestion
Digestion occurs outside the organism
Chitin
A chemical providing toughness and flexibility
Phylum of fungi characterized by sac-like structures
Ascomycota
Budding in yeast
A form of asexual reproduction
Fungus that causes athlete's foot
Trichophyton rubrum
Septate v. nonseptate hyphae
Septate hyphae have cell walls; nonseptate do not
Antibiotic produced by fungi in the genus Penicillium
Penicillin
Who discovered penicillin?
Alexander Flemming
Mycorrhizae
Fungi that live on plant roots in a symbiotic relationship
How do mycorrhizae help plants?
By sharing minerals in exchange for food
What organelle is H?
contractile vacuole; amoeba
What organelle is I?
pseudopod
What organelle is J?
food vacuole
What organelle is L?
cell membrane
What organelle is M?
nucleus; amoeba
What organelle is N?
food vacuole (it’s forming)
What organelle is O?
micronucleus
What organelle is P?
macronucleus
What organelle is Q?
contractile vacuole (paramecium)
What organelle is R?
cilia
What organelle is S?
Oral pore
What organelle is T?
Oral groove
What organelle is U?
Gullet
What organelle is V?
Anal pore
What type of organism is pictured?
a paramecium
What type of organism is pictured?
an amoeba
What part of the mushroom is #1?
cap
What part of the mushroom is #2?
gills
What part of the mushroom is #3?
stipe (commonly known as stalk or stem)
What part of the mushroom is #4?
mycelium
#4 on the mushroom, the mycelium, is made of what?
hyphae
What is #5 of the mushroom?
fruiting body or reproductive structure
What color are members of Phaeophyta?
brown
What color are members of Chlorophyta?
green (or yellow-green)
Usually, what color are members of Chrysophyta?
golden
Stolons
‘connector’ aerial hyphae
Sporangiophores
specialized enclosures or sacs made out of hyphae that have sporangia on their tips where spores are produced
3 types of hyphae
Rhizoids
Stolons
Sporangiophores
The 5 phyla of fungi
Zygomycota
Ascomycota
Basidiomycota
Chytridiomycota
Deuteromycota
Zygomycota
1. Spores formed in small structures that exist where hyphae fuse with one another for the purpose of reproduction
2. These spores are called zygospores
3. No fruiting bodies are formed in reproduction
Ascomycota
1. Spores formed in sac-like structures (look like globes, flasks, or dishes) called asci
2. These spores are called ascospores
3. Some members are unicellular: yeasts
4. Sexual reproduction – fusion of hyphae of different mating types, and a fruiting body is formed
Basidiomycota
1. Spores formed in club-like structures called basidia
2. These spores are called basidiospores
3. Saprophytic (most)
4. Parasitic (a few)
5. Sexual reproduction between mycelia
Chytridiomycota
1. Spores have flagella
2. Saprophytic (most); some are parasitic
3. Inhabit muddy or aquatic areas, feeding on decaying water plants
Deuteromycota
1. Assume they have a form of sexual reproduction, but scientists have not discovered it yet
2. Called imperfect fungi
Name two pathogenic fungi and the maladies they cause.
Claviceps purpurea – causes ergot of rye, a plant disease
Synchytrium endobioticum – causes potato wartmycorrhizae
Note 
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