Normandy - AS England

How did William Rufus rebuild his influence in Normandy

rewarding past followers and buying new ones, causing debt

How did Henry help with Robert’s debt

Gave Robert £3000 in return for a grant of rights over the Coutances and the Avranchin regions

What problem was created for the Anglo-Norman lords on the death of William I

conflicts of loyalty

Who lead the conspirators

Odo of Bayeux

What was the first indication of Rebellion for William Rufus

absence of leading men from the 1088 Easter court

Where did Odo establish his base for the rebellion and why was it a good choice

Rochester Castle, allowed Canterbury and London to be threatened and to get support from the continent along the Thames

Who else rebelled in the South-East

Gilbert FitzRichard and Robert of Montain

Where was the other main centre of the rebellion

the West, bishop Geoffrey of Coutances and Robert of Mowbray and William of Eu

How many of the 10 greatest landholders went into revolt against William Rufus

6

What did William Rufus correctly identify

Bishop Odo was the biggest threat, led a siege on Rochester, relief sent by Robert Curthose was intercepted and destroyedWhat did

what did William Rufus start doing with England’s superior resources from the 1090’s

used it to win over the nobles of Upper Normandy

Where did the brothers make peace

Rouen

What did the Brothers gain from the peace

Robert - pledge of help against Maine and was bought expensive gifts

William II - gained control of significant territories

Why was Henry the real loser

Robert and William decided to become each others heir

How did William Rufus break the agreement

1093, William refused to aid Robert in Maine, and William went on the offense

What stopped William’s invasion of Normandy

Intervention of Phillip I on Roberts behalf

How much did William lend Robert to go on crusade

£6,666

what two successes did William have during his control of Normandy

Campaigns in Maine restored domination to the county, William pushed the French King back in the Vexin

When and how did William die

shot by a misfired arrow from Walter Tirel that killed William outright

What happened to the protection that William had from invasion in 1066

The country revolted and fell under the control of Geoffrey of Mayenne

Who was in charge of Normandy whilst William was in England

His wife, Matilda

What happened in 1072 which made the situation in Maine more perilous

Maine was seized by Fulk le Rechin, count of Anjou

What strongholds did William quickly attack in Maine, 1073

Fresnay , Beaumont and Sille.

How did William manage to take the capital of Maine

William devastated the countryside surrounding les mans

How did King Phillip I raise his profile through marriages and alliances

married Robert of Flanders half sister, offered Edgar atheling the castle of Montreuil sur mer.

What evidence is there of an anti-Norman coalition forming

Gael of Norfolk fled to Brittany, reinforced by Anjou

Why was the siege of Dol significant

William lost both men and horses as well as failing to eliminate Ralph de Gael

How did William I view Robert Curthose

spoilt and irresponsible, often taunting him. eventually reducing his power in Normandy

Who supported Robert in the generational divide

Robert of Belleme Roger of Montgomery and William of Breteuil

What evidence is there that the situation with Robert was becoming increasingly problematic

Built a large and powerful entourage of knights, Phillip I supplied Robert with Knights and a castle at Gerberoy

What happened after the siege and at the battle of Gerberoy

William was unhorsed and injured in the arm, as was William Rufus. William felt betrayed by his own family

Why did William feel betrayed by his wife

Matilda supplied Robert with his funds.

How did King Malcolm react showing further weakness

Ravaged over the river tweed to the River tees

who mediated between William and Robert

Roger of Montgomery and Roger of Beaumont

What was the outcome in Easter of 1080

Robert welcomed back to Normandy, reconfirmed inheritance and acted as the dutiful son, punishing Scotland for its earlier invasion

Why was Christmas of 1085 so tense

Anglo-Norman empire was surrounded by enemies, King Cnut IV of Denmark, Malcolm of Scotland, Phillip I, Fulk le Rechin and Robert of Flanders

How did William I die and how did his children react

Flung against the pommel of his saddle and died due to his injuries, Both Rufus and Henry were by his bedside

How did, according to Orderic Vitalis, William prove his piety at his death bed

Confessed his sins, released all his prisoners, (Earl Morcar!!!) , Bequeathed England only to God but hoped it would be given to William Rufus

What did William say to his youngest Henry on his deathbed

“be satisfied my son…Patiently allow your elder brothers to take precedence over you, Robert will have Normandy and William England. But you in your own time will have all the dominions that i have acquired

Who did many magnates feel should unite the Anglo-Norman throne

Robert curthose

Who did Henry persuade to crown him

The Bishop of London

How did Henry attempt to win over the Barons and subjects

issued a charter of liberties, imprisoning unpopular local clerk, married Edith, daughter of king malcolm

Which nobles supported Robert when he returned from crusade and invaded England

William of mortain, William de Warenne, Ivo of Grandmesnil, the three Montgomery brothers: Robert of Belleme, Arnulf of Montgomery and Roger the Poitevin

What were the terms of the treaty of Alton

Robert renounced his claims to the English throne, Henry agreed to surrender claims to Normandy and pay his Brother £2,000 a year

How did Henry break the terms of the treaty in 1102

moved against Roger of Belleme, Roger was later exiled to Normandy

What happened at Le Mans, Why?

Robert refused to help the siege and Normandy lost its hold on the strategic territory

What else proved to embarrassing for Robert

Ranulf Flambard secured the appointment of his son, 12, to the position of Bishop of Liseux

What happened in 1102 with Robert of Belleme

Robert B fought bitterly in the diocese of Sees, descended into violence. besieged B’s supporters at Vignats, unable to keep supporters unified. Curthose to retreat

What happened in1103 at Exmes

Curthose stabled horses in Almeneches nunnery (consecrated building) Belleme burnt the nunnery down killing and harming many. Curthose defeated when faced with surprise attack.

What was Robert forced to do with Belleme

Confirm his Norman inheritance

What areas did Henry capture in his invasions of Normandy

Bayeux and Caen

What powerful nobles supported Robert

William of Mortain and Robert of Belleme

What controversial tactic did Henry adopt

All men fighting on foot, less chance of fleeing

Who had more soldiers at the Battle of Tinchebrai

Henry, one contemporary numbered it at 40,00

Who captured Robert Curthose after Tinchebrai

The King’s chancellor, Waldric

What honourable action did Robert take

released his men from fealty

Which three individuals did Henry have to fight after taking control of Normandy

King Louis VI of France, Count Fulk V of Anjou, William Clito (Roberts son)

What edict had Robert issued in 1104

forbid any any man who held land from him from crossing to England or serving Henry

What impact did Henrys Victory have over his power over the nobility

expressing dissent became more dangerous