Homeostasis and response (bio paper 2)

What is homeostasis

Maintaining a stable internal environment

Name the 7 stages of the nervous system

1 stimulus which detects the change in environment

2 receptors where electrical impulses is generated

3 sensory neuron carries message to cns

4 central nervous system (cns) the brain which makes a decision

5 motor neurons which carries impulse/ decision to the effectors

6 effectors (muscles or glands) carry out impulse /decision

7 response when the stimulus is dealt with

What does the reflex arc not use

the brain to make a decision

What does the reflex arc do

an unconscious decision is made without using the brain

Why is the reflex arc used

For stimuli that could cause harm to you

What are the benefits of this

Impulses are sent to the effectors faster , reducing the time you could get hurt

what is the endocrine system used for?

Hormones

Name the glands involved in the endocrine system

Pituitary gland (known as the master gland which controls the other glands to release hormones)

Thyroid gland ( produces thyroxine , controls heart rate , metabolism and temp)

Adrenal gland ( produces adrenaline to prepare for fight or flight response )

Name the other parts of the endocrine system

Pancreas ( insulin is produced, regulates blood glucose

Ovaries (female) produces oestrogen used in the menstrual cycle

Or

Testes( male ) produces testosterone controls puberty and sperm production

when is insulin produced and how does it effect blood glucose

Insulin is produced when sugar goes in

It reduces blood glucose if it gets to high

When is glucagon produced and how does it effect blood glucose

Glucagon is produced when the sugar is gone

It increases blood glucose if it gets to low

What is type one diabetes and how is it treated

Type 1 is when the body doesn’t produce enough insulin

It is treated by injecting insulin into the body

What is type 2 diabetes and how is it treated

Type 2 is when the body becomes immune to the insulin the body increases, obesity can increase risk of this

It is treated by a fitter lifestyle and healthy diet

Name and explain the 4 stages of the menstrual cycle

1 (around day 4) the uterus lining breaks down

2 ( next ten days ) lining builds back up

3( around day 14) egg is released

4 the uterus lining is maintained ready for the next cycle

Name the 4 main hormones in the menstrual cycle

FSH,oestrogen,LH and progesterone

Where is fsh produced in and what is its function

Produced in the pituitary gland

Causes egg to mature , stimulates ovaries to produce oestrogen

Where is oestrogen produced and what is its function?

Produced in the ovaries Grows uterus lining Stimulates LH and egg to release

Where is LH produced and what is its function?

Produced in pituitary gland and stimulates release of egg

Where is progesterone produced and what is its function?

Produced in the ovaries

maintains the uterus ,inhabit release of LH and FSH