Special Senses - LCC

ciliary body (vascular tunic)

1; medial view

iris (vascular tunic)

3; medial view

choroid (vascular tunic)

11; medial view

cornea (fibrous tunic)

2; medial view

sclera (fibrous tunic)

7; medial view

retina (neural tunic)

10; medial view

pupil

4; medial view

lens

5; medial view

aqueous humor/anterior cavity

6; medial view

vitreous humor/posterior cavity

8; medial view

conjunctiva

9; medial view

fovea centralis

12; medial view

optic disc

14; medial view

blind spot

16; medial view

suspensatory ligaments

black arrows; medial view

left superior oblique

1; medial view

left superior rectus

2; anterior view

left medial rectus

3; anterior view

left lateral rectus

4; anterior view

left inferior rectus

5; anterior view

left inferior oblique

6; anterior view

medial canthus

lateral canthus

lacrimal gland

1

lacrimal canals

5

lacrimal sac

6

nasolacrimal duct

3

optic nerve

macula lutea

accommodation

Changing the shape of the lens using the ciliary body. This allows us to focus on objects at varying distances.

refraction

The change in speed and direction of light when it passes from one kind of material to another.

myopia

nearsightedness

hyperopia

farsightedness

astigmatism

a defect in the eye or in a lens caused by a deviation from spherical curvature, which results in distorted images, as light rays are prevented from meeting at a common focus

presbyopia

farsightedness caused by loss of elasticity of the lens of the eye, occurring typically in middle and old age.

Auricle (pinna)

flap of the ear; the protruding part of the external ear, or pinna

External acoustic meatus

Canal in the exteral surface of the temporal bone, bounded internally by the tympanic membrane

external ear

outer structures of the ear that collect sound

middle ear

the chamber between the eardrum and cochlea containing three tiny bones that concentrate the vibrations of the eardrum on the cochlea's oval window

inner ear

the innermost part of the ear, containing the cochlea, semicircular canals, and vestibule

vestibulocochlear nerve

It's made of the vestibular nerve, which monitors sensations of balance, position, and movement and the cochlear nerve, which monitors hearing receptors.

semicircular canals

fluid-filled structures in the inner ear that are associated with the sense of balance

vestibule

middle part of the inner ear, in front of the semicircular canals and behind the cochlea, that contains the utricle and the saccule; functions to provide body balance and equilibrium

cochlea

A coiled, bony, fluid-filled tube in the inner ear through which sound waves trigger nerve impulses

Scala vestibuli

Scala media

Scala tympani

Organ of corti

vestibular membrane

tectoral membrane

basilar membrane

Hair receptor cells

oval window

membrane at the enterance to the cochlea through which the ossicles transmit vibrations

malleus

hammer; first of the three auditory ossicles of the middle ear

incus

anvil; middle of the three auditory ossicles of the middle ear

stapes

stirrup; last of the three auditory ossicles of the middle ear

auditory/eustation tube

Connects the middle ear with the nasopharynx.

tympanic membrane

The eardrum. A structure that separates the outer ear from the middle ear and vibrates in response to sound waves.

Olfactory receptor

nerve endings that act as the receptors for the sense of smell

Basal Cell (Olfactory Epithelium)

cells capable of division and differentiation into either supporting or olfactory cells.

Supporting cells (olfactory epithelium)

J.

non-neural cells in the olfactory epithelium that function as metabolic and physical support for the olfactory epithelium.

Olfactory epithelium

Layer of epithelium below the cribiform plate of the ethmoid bone responsible for detecting odors.

papillae (taste buds)

Receptor organ for detecting taste

Taste receptor cell

Sensory cells within the taste bud that respond to tastents.