Unit 4 Bio

ATP

adenosine triphosphate; energy is stored in the bonds from breaking down organic compounds (glucose) during cellular respiration; energy for cell activities

Reactants of photosynthesis

carbon dioxide and water

Products of photosynthesis

glucose and oxygen

Reactants of cellular respiration

glucose and oxygen

Products of cellular respiration

carbon dioxide, water, and ATP

Alcohol fermentation

Glycolysis then production of alcohol and CO2; anaerobic respiration; done in yeasts and bacteria

Lactic acid fermentation

Glycolysis then production of lactate; occurs in muscle cells of animals

Types of anaerobic respiration

alcoholic fermentation and lactic acid fermentation

Aerobic respiration

Respiration that requires oxygen; more effective at making ATP; occurs in the mitochondria

Anaerobic respiration

Respiration that does not require oxygen; no mitochondria needed

Calvin cycle

a pathway of photosynthesis in which carbon dioxide (the carbon source for glucose) is converted into glucose using ATP

Light reactions

reactions of photosynthesis that use energy from light to produce ATP and NADPH (for the Calvin Cycle)

Formula for aerobic respiration

Glucose + 6 oxygen -> 6 carbon dioxide + 6 water

Organelle where aerobic respiration occurs

mitochondria

Chlorophyll

Green pigment in plants that absorbs light energy used to carry out photosynthesis

Organelle where photosynthesis occurs

Chloroplast

What gas did we measure in the photosynthesis lab?

oxygen

Metabolism

All of the chemical reactions that occur within an organism

How many ATP produced in glycolysis?

2 ATP

What happens when ATP has a phosphate removed?

energy is released

Where does glycolysis occur?

cytoplasm

Where do the Krebs cycle and electron transport take place?

in the mitochondria

ADP

adenosine diphosphate, only has two phosphates

If oxygen is present, what happens after glycolysis?

Krebs Cycle

Products of the light reactions used in Calvin Cycle

ATP, NADPH

What living things do aerobic respiration?

any cell with a mitochondria (all eukaryotes)

Carbohydrate structure

What is ALWAYS the first step of cellular respiration?

glycolysis (with or without oxygen)

Which type of respiration makes the most energy?

aerobic respiration