elect unit 1,2,

Bohr’s model of atoms (created the electron flow bump theory)

p + n in nucleus, e- outside and VE is outer shell. Energy is created from this.

Sub atomic particle theory

VE push other VE out of orbit and takes it’s place → chain reaction.

AWG (American wire gauge)

the larger the number is, the smaller the wire is

Current

Symbol is “i”, measured in amperage (amps…”A”). Definition: flow of VE through a conductive material. Formulas:

Voltage

Symbol is “V”, measured in volts (“V”). Also known as EMF or Potential difference (PD). Definition: the force that seems to push the current of e-. Formulas:

Resistance

Symbol is “horseshoe”, measured in Ohms. Definition: opposition to current flow. Formulas:

Power

Symbol is “W”, measured in Watts. Definition: the rate that electrical energy is transferred/consumed in a circuit. Formulas: P=E x i,

Current is proportional to voltage

as i increase, V increase…as i decreease, V decrease.

conductance def

allow current flow + low resistance

AC vs DC currents

AC = alternating current (bidirectional). DC = direct current (unidirectional).

Insulators are..

materials that resist the flow of energy. Have 7-8 VE.

Conductors are…

materials that give ez path for current flow. Have 1-3 VE.

Semiconductors are…

materials that are neither good insulators nor good conductors. have 4 VE. Resistance decreases when they’re heated.

Standard measurment for e-?

one coulomb (which is 6.24×10^18 e-). Coulomb measures e-.

coulombs law

opposites attract & similar repell.

Ampere measures..

Measures amount of elect flowing thru a current. 1 A = 1 coulomb per second.

Current flow direction theories

1) Electron flow theory: current flows - → +. 2) Conventional current flow theory: current flows + → -

3 types of currents

1) Radio waves: move abt speed of light. 2) AC: less than speed of light. 3) DC: seems faster than speed of light.

A short circuit has…

little/no resistance. No resistance = overheat due to too much load.

Source def

device that supplies power to a load

load definition

A component, circuit, or equipment connected to a source

Ampere-hours = current x hours

yea

Do batteries in a series add up?

Yes. V1+V2+V3…

fuse definition

short and thin wire that melts/breaks if the current path is overloaded

circuit breaker definition

a reusable fuse. Device will open a current carrying path wo damaging itself once the current value exceeds it’s max current rating.

coulomb of charge and e-

1 C = 6.24×10^218 e-. Q= total # of e- / (6.24×10^18 e- / 1 coulomb).