Short-term memory

Memory

a process involving three stages, encoding -> storage -> retrieval

Retrieval

 a function by which is recollected as needed

Short-term memory

 temporary storage of active information, it has limited capacity

Chunking

grouping smaller units together as a chunk, improve memory

Three store model

• Environmental input

• Sensory register - holds sensory information briefly to process it further 

• STM - temporary WM, boosted with rehearsal, can remember 7∓2

• LTM

Recency and primary effect

the items at the start or end of the a list is more readily remembered than the ones in the middle

Negative recency effect

in cases where several list are remembered the items at the start are better remembered than the one at the end

Working memory

 storage and manipulation of information

Central executive

component of WM proposed to control and coordinate the activity of the other components

Visuo-spatial sketchpad

 component of WM proposed for the temporary storage and manipulation of visual and spatial information. Limit 3-4 four items

Phonological loop

 the component of WM proposed for temporary storage and manipulation of sound or phonological information. As many verbal items as one can say in 2 seconds

Episodic buffer

 the component of the WM proposed for temporary storage information integrated from Visuo-spatial sketchpad, phonological loop and LTM into single structure/episode

Dual task performance

 if two task uses different sub-systems it should affect performance substantially, but will affect if the same system is used

Articulatory control process

 inner voice