College Chemistry Unit 7

Bond Polarity

A measure of how equally or unequally the electrons in any covalent bond are shared

Electronegativity

The ability of an atom in a molecule to attract electrons to itself

Lattice Energy

Energy required to completely separate, one mole of a solid ionic compound into its gaseous ions

Octet Rule

Adams tend to gain lose or share electrons until they are surrounded by eight valence electrons

Nonpolar covalent

Less than 0.4

Electron share equally

Polar covalent

0.4-0.8

One atom exerts a greater attraction for the bonding electron than the other

Ionic

1.9 or more

Electrons are transferred

Nonpolar molecules

All the bonds are nonpolar or they cancel each other out

The shape is symmetrical

Polar molecules

One side, slightly positive and one side is slightly negative

The shape is non-symmetrical

Covalent bonding

Electrons are shared nonmetals

Bond ENTHALPY

The energy required to break one more of a specific chemical bond

Bonding pair

A pair of electrons that is shared between two atoms form chemical bonds

Loan pair

Pair of electrons that belongs to one atom only and not shared

Ionic bonds

Pair of ions, positive negative caution anion