Chapter 2: Separation Techniques

Simple distillation

________ is used for separating out a liquid from a solution.

Filtration

________ can be used if your product is an insoluble solid that needs to be seperated from a liquid reaction mixture.

Insoluble

________ means the solid cant be dissolved in the liquid.

Crude oil

________ is a mixture of different length hydrocarbon molecules.

nitrogen

Air is a mixture of gases, mainly ________, oxygen, carbon dioxide and argon.

Evaporation

________ is a really quick way of separating a soluble salt from a solution, but you can only use it if the salt doesnt decompose (break down) when its heated.

dry crystals

Evaporate the water from the salt so that it forms ________.

water evaporates

The ________ and is condenses and collected.

separate parts

The properties of a mixture are just a mixture of the properties of the ________- the chemical properties of a substance arent affected by it being part of a mixture.

filter paper

The salt passes through the ________ as its part of the solution.

filtration

The parts of a a mixture can be either elements or compounds, and they can be separated out by physical methods such as ________, crystallisation, simple distillation, fractional distillation and chromatography.

Mixtures

are easily separated, as theres no chemical bonds

chromatography

a process used for separating mixtures by virtue of differences in absorbency

paper chromatography

chromatography that uses selective adsorption on a strip of paper

Simple distillation v fractional

fractional can separate multiple mixtures of liquids

crystallisation process

pour solution on evaporating dish, crystals will form and filter crystals out of solution

crystallisation

use if salt does decompose

Evaporation process

pour solution into dish, slowly heat it solvent will evaporate and crystals will form

Evaporation

letting liquid boiling away so crystals are left

What does filtration separate

insoluble solids from liquids

Filtration

the process whereby fluids pass through a filter or a filtering medium

simple distillation

boil liquids until one with lower boiling point evaporates, then goes through condenser

fractional distillation

boil liquids at lowest boiling temperature until it separate, then the next until there all seperated