Module 24: Hormones and Digestive Enzymes

Gastrin

Hormone promotes secretion of gastric juice, increases gastric motility and growth of gastric mucosa. Also constricts the lower esophageal sphincter and relaxes the pyloric sphincter.

Secretin

Hormone stimulates secretion of pancreatic juice and bile that are rich in bicarbonate. Also inhibits secretion of gastric juice.

Cholecystokinin

Hormone stimulates secretion of pancreatic juice rich in digestive enzymes, causes ejection of bile from gallbladder and opens the sphincter of Oddi. Also induces satiety (feeling full).

Salivary amylase

Enzyme digests carbohydrates (polysaccharides) into smaller carbohydrates in the mouth.

Lingual lipase

Enzyme secreted in saliva that digests triglycerides in the stomach.

Pepsin

Enzyme digests proteins in the stomach.

Gastric lipase

Enzyme secreted by the stomach that digests triglycerides in the stomach.

Pancreatic amylase

Enzyme delivered to the small intestine that digests carbohydrates (polysaccharides) into smaller carbohydrates.

Trypsin, Chymotrypsin, Elastase

Enzymes delivered to the small intestine from pancreas to digest proteins into smaller peptides.

Carboxypeptidase

Enzyme delivered to the small intestine from the pancreas that digests from the carboxyl end of peptides.

Pancreatic lipase

Enzyme delivered to the small intestine that digests triglycerides into fatty acids and monoglycerides.

Ribonuclease

Enzyme delivered to the small intestine that digests ribonucleic acid (RNA) into nucleotides.

Deoxyribonuclease

Enzyme delivered to the small intestine that digests deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) into nucleotides.

Maltase

Enzyme produced by the small intestine that digests maltose into glucose.

Sucrase

Enzyme produced by the small intestine that digests sucrose into glucose and fructose.

Lactase

Enzyme produced by the small intestine that digests lactose into glucose and galactose.

Aminopeptidase

Enzyme produced by the small intestine that digests from the amino end of peptides.

Dipeptidase

Enzyme produced by the small intestine that digests dipeptides into two amino acids.