the temperature at which the organism grows at best
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minimum growth temperature
the temperature below the optimal growth temp. which an organism ceases to grow
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maximum growth temperature
temperature above the optimum growth temp. at which an organism dies
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psychrophiles
microorganisms that can survive in an extremely cold environment
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psychrotrophs
microorganisms that can grow at 0°C but have an optimal temperature of 20°-40°C
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mesophiles
microorganisms that grow best in moderate temperatures
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thermophiles
microorganisms that can survive in extremely hot environment
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pH
refers to the hydrogen ion concentration or the alkalinity and acidity of a solution
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barophile
microorganisms that thrive deep in the ocean and in oil wells, where the atmospheric pressure is very high
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inoculum
refers to when microbes are introduced into a culture medium to initiate growth
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culture
microbes that grow and multiply in or on a culture medium
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agar
a complex polysaccharide derived from marine alga
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petri dish
a shallow cylindrical glass or plastic lidded dish used to culture bacteria or small mosses
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acidophiles
an organism that grow best on pH between 1-5
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alkaliphiles
an organism that grow best on pH greater than 8.5
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neutrophiles
an organism that grow best on pH between 6.5-7.5
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basophiles
an organism that grow best on pH 8.5
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petri plates
refers to filled petri dishes
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Chemically Defined Media
a culture media whose exact chemical composition is known
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Complex Media
a culture media whose exact chemical composition is not known
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Reducing Media
a type of culture media that chemically removes molecular oxygen that might interfere with the growth of anaerobes
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Selective Media
a type of culture media designed to suppress the growth of unwanted bacteria and encourage the growth of the desired microbes
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Differential media
a type of culture media that is used to distinguish among different organisms
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Enrichment culture
a technique for isolating organisms in which nutritional and/or environmental conditions are controlled to favor the growth of a specific organism or group of organisms
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Deep-Freezing
a process in which a pure culture of microbes is placed in a suspending liquid and quick-frozen at temperatures ranging from -50° to -95° C
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Freeze-Drying
a process in which a suspension of microbes is quickly frozen at temperatures ranging from -54°C to -72°C
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generation time
the time required for a cell to divide or a population to double
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lag phase, log phase, stationary phase, and death phase
what are the phases of the growth of bacterial culture?
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lag phase
phase of growth during which bacteria absorbs nutrients, synthesize enzymes, and prepare for cell division
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log phase
the logarithmic growth phase or exponential growth phase where the bacteria multiplies rapidly that the number of organism doubles with each generation time
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stationary phase
phase of growth of the bacteria where the number of bacteria dividing equals the number of bacteria that are dying
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death phase
phase of growth of a bacteria where the number of deaths exceeds the number of new cells formed
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binary fission
the process where a single cell divides into two identical cells
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colony
a visible mass of microbial cells that theoretically arose from one cell
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pure culture
when only one type of organism is growing on or in a culture medium in the laboratory
Studied by 14 people
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Flashcard (30)