Unit 2: Period 2: 1607-1754 (copy)

Salutary Neglect

Policy where England regulated trade in its colonies but interfered as little as possible.

Mercantilism

Economic theory which posits that a country should export more than it imports to achieve prosperity.

Navigation Acts

Laws that required colonists to buy goods only from England and use English ports for importing non-English goods.

Wool Act of 1699

Forbade the export of wool from American colonies and the importation of wool from other British colonies.

Molasses Act of 1733

Imposed a high tax on sugar imported from the French West Indies, causing colonial resistance.

Bicameral Legislature

A legislative body with two houses, typical of all colonies except Pennsylvania.

Autonomy in Colonies

Colonies maintained a high degree of self-governance despite British regulations.

Puritan Immigration

Significant decline in Puritan migration during Oliver Cromwell's rule, with resumption after the Stuart restoration.

Fundamental Orders

Considered the first written constitution in British North America, produced by Connecticut in 1635.

Act of Tolerance (1649)

Legislation in Maryland intended to protect religious freedom for Christians, but resulted in civil strife.

Bacon's Rebellion

1676 revolt by Virginia frontier farmers against Native American tribes and colonial government.

Stono Uprising

A successful slave rebellion in 1739 near Charleston, South Carolina, leading to stricter slave laws.

Salem Witch Trials

1692 series of witchcraft trials resulting in mass hysteria and the execution of many individuals.

Halfway Covenant

1662 religious compromise allowing children of baptized but unconverted Puritans to be baptized.

First Great Awakening

Religious revival in the 1730s and 1740s led by preachers like Jonathan Edwards and George Whitefield.

Benjamin Franklin

Self-educated American inventor and statesman known for Enlightenment ideals and contributions to education and government.