Unit 2: Biological Bases of Behavior (4)

Endocrine

glands include the pineal gland, hypothalamus, and pituitary gland in your brain; the thyroid and parathyroids in your neck; the adrenal glands atop your kidneys; pancreas near your stomach; and either testes or ovaries.

Withdrawal symptoms

\________ include intense craving for the drug and effects opposite to those the drug usually induces.

Heritability

\________ is the proportion of variation among individuals in a population that is due to genetic causes.

Agonists

\________ may mimic a neurotransmitter and bind to its receptor site to produce the effect of the neurotransmitter.

Reflex

\________ involves impulse conduction over a few (perhaps three) neurons.

Narcotics

\________ are analgesics (pain reducers) that work by depressing the central nervous system.

Preconscious

\________ is the level of consciousness that is outside of awareness but contains feelings and memories that you can easily bring into conscious awareness.

Depressants

\________ are psychoactive drugs that reduce the activity of the central nervous system and induce relaxation.

Central nervous system

consists of your brain and your spinal cord

Somatic nervous system

has motor neurons that stimulate skeletal (voluntary) muscle