Nutrition & You: Weight Management and Energy Balance

These flashcards cover key terms and concepts from Chapter 10 on Weight Management and Energy Balance, focusing on definitions and health implications.

Healthy weight

Body weight relative to height that does not increase the risk of developing weight-related health problems or diseases.

Overweight

Weighing 10 to 15 pounds more than healthy weight, affecting more than 70% of Americans.

Obesity

Weighing 25 to 40 pounds more than healthy weight, affecting over 40% of Americans.

BMI (Body Mass Index)

A measurement used to categorize individuals based on their body weight relative to their height.

Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR)

The minimum amount of energy needed to function, accounting for about 60% of total energy needs.

Energy balance

The relationship between calories consumed and calories expended, affecting weight maintenance.

Positive energy balance

A state where more calories are consumed than expended, leading to fat storage and weight gain.

Negative energy balance

A state where more calories are expended than consumed, leading to weight loss.

Disordered eating

Abnormal and potentially harmful eating behaviors that do not meet specific criteria for eating disorders.

Anorexia Nervosa

Eating disorder characterized by self-starvation and intense fear of gaining weight.

Bulimia Nervosa

Eating disorder involving cycles of binge eating followed by purging.

Binge Eating Disorder

Compulsive overeating without purging, leading to health effects associated with obesity.

Leptin

A hormone released by fat tissue that signals the brain to decrease hunger.

Ghrelin

A hormone produced in the stomach when empty, increasing hunger.

Thermic effect of food

The number of calories expended to digest, absorb, and process food.

Genetic factors

Inherited characteristics that can partially determine body weight and obesity risk.

Set point theory

The theory that the body opposes weight loss and strives to maintain a specific weight.