Studied by 25 people
sex chromosomes
One of the 23 pairs of chromosomes in the human, contains genes that will determine the sex of the individual.
sex-linked genes
Genes located on the sex chromosomes. Their alleles are passed from parent to child on a sex chromosome
carrier
a person who has one recessive allele for a trait and one dominant allele
Genetic disorder
An abnormal condition that a person inherits through genes or chromosomes
Pedigree
A chart or "family tree" that tracks which members of a family have a particular trait
Karyotype
a picture of all the chromosomes in a person's cell
Selective breeding
The process of selecting a few organisms with desired traits to serve as parents of the next generation
inbreeding
involves crossing two individuals that have similar desirable characteristics
Hybridization
crossing two genetically different individuals
clone
an organism that has exactly the same genes as the organism from which it was produced
genetic engineering
genes from one organism are transferred into the DNA of another organism
gene therapy
inserting copies of a gene directly into a person's cells
Why can we study dog genes to study human diseases?
The mutation in our genes only happens to one gene in dogs
concerns with genetic engineering
people think that genetically engineered crops may not be safe. They fear these crops may harm the environment or cause health problems in humans.
Help for people with genetic disorders
Medical care, education, and job training
Punnet square
cystic fibrosis
A genetic disorder in which the body produces abnormally thick mucus in the lungs and intestines
sickle cell disease
Caused by a mutation that affects hemoglobin. The red blood cells of people with this disease have a sickle or crescent shape. The sickle-shape blood cells can’t carry as much oxygen as normal cells
Hemophilia
a genetic disorder in which a person's blood clots very slowly or not at all
Down syndrome
a person's cells have an extra copy of chromosome 21
Why is hemophilia more common in males?
It is a sex-linked disorder, and the trait is on the x chromosome
Using a stem cutting from an African violet, it’s easy to produce a plant, which is a…
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