farrier american politics test 2

Mike Johnson

Speaker of the House

Hakeem Jeffries

House Minority Leader

John Thune

Senate Majority leader

Chuck Schumer

Senate Minority leader

1 Bill is introduced

2 Committee action

3 Floor action

4 Conference committee

5 Executive action

Steps for a bill to become law

House Rules Committee

Committee that controls scheduling of bills

Senate - 80s

House - 90s

Incumbent reelection rates

Senators delay the voting on of a bill. Cloture requires 60%

Senate filibuster and cloture requirements

218-214 Republican

House party make up

53-45+2 Republican

Senate party make up

Pork

Spending whose tangible benefits are targeted at a particular legislator’s constituency.

Casework

The assistance provided by Members of Congress to their constituents who request help with issues related to federal agencies

Hillstyle

Politicians fighting for their constituents in DC

Homestyle

The way politicians present themselves and interact with their constituents in their home districts.

Morgan McGarvey, Democrat

Name and party of Louisville representative

Mitch McConnell, Republican

Rand Paul, Republican

Name and party of both Kentucky senators

Organize congressmen and shape legislative agendas

Role of parties in congress

Elect leaders who can affect the system of law passing

Powers of parties in congress

Standing committee

Permanent group of congressmen with responsibility for a particular area of public policy

Conference committee

Temporary group of congressmen formed to bargain over the differences in the House and Senate versions of a bill.

True

True or False: The house is more diverse than the senate

False

True or False: Congress is directly representative of the people of America on the basis of gender, race, age, etc.

Presidential shared powers with Congress

Treaty making

Judicial Appointments

Legislation

Presidential unilateral powers

Executive orders

Pardons

Vetoes

Commander in chief

President appoints, senate confirms

Nomination-confirmation process

270

Electoral votes needed to win election

538

Total electoral votes up for grabs

100 Senators + 435 House members + 3 votes for DC

How do we get the total number of electors?

Higher population

What causes one state to have more electors than another.

8

How many electors does Kentucky have?

4 years

How long is a presidential term?

6 years

How long is a senate term?

2 years

How long is a house term?

Executive Order

A presidential directive on how a law is to be interpreted or administered. Must be based on an existing law and cannot violate any provision of the law.

House impeaches with majority vote. Senate convicts and removes with 2/3 vote.

Define the impeachment process.

Three. Johnson, Clinton, Trump.

How many presidents were impeached but not removed? Who were they?

Veto

The president’s rejection of a bill, thereby keeping it from becoming law unless Congress overrides.

2/3 vote in house and senate

How does congress override a veto?

Pam Bondi

US Attorney General

Pete Hegseth

Secretary of Defense

Marco Rubio

Secretary of State

Markwayne Mullin

Director of Homeland Security

District Court

Circuit court of appeals

Supreme Court

What are the three tiers of the federal court system?

13

How many circuits are there for the circuit court of appeals

Judicial Activism

The doctrine that the courts should develop new legal principles when judges see a compelling need, even if this action places them in conflict with precedent or the policy decisions of elected officials

Judicial Restraint

The doctrine that the judiciary should broadly defer to precedent and the judgment of legislatures. The doctrine claims that the job of judges is to work within the confines of laws set down by tradition and lawmaking majorities

John Roberts - W. Bush

Current chief justice and president that appointed him

Ketanji Brown-Jackson - Biden

Amy Coney Barrett - Trump

Brett Kavanaugh - Trump

Neil Gorsuch - Trump

Elena Kagan - Obama

Sonia Sotomayor - Obama

Samuel Alito - W. Bush

Clarence Thomas - H.W. Bush

Current eight associate members and the president that appointed them

constitutional amendment, new legislation, or a future court reversing its own precedent

Ways of overruling the supreme court

Lower cases are only accepted by the Supreme if four justices agree to hear it.

Rule of Four

Congress

Who determines how many justices are on the Supreme Court

Living constitution

Idea that the constitution is an evolving document that evolves alongside society

Strict construction

Idea that the constitution should be interpreted as the fathers meant it, and not through a modern lense.

Both seek to shape government policy, mobilize voters, and use media to advance their goals

Similarities between parties and interest groups

Political Parties

Win elections and control government

Broad — address all issues

Directly accountable to voters

Nominations, campaigns, platforms

Broad public coalitions

Interest groups

Influence specific policies without running candidates

Narrow — focus on one issue or sector

Accountable only to their members

Lobbying, PACs, litigation, protests

Specific industries, causes, or professions

Closed primaries

Only party members can vote in their own primary

Open primaries

Anyone can vote in any primary they choose.

Winner take all

What system do 48 states use to give out their electoral votes?

Maine and Nebraska

What two states do not use the winner take all system

Iron triangle

the relationship between a congressional committee, government agency, and interest group.

Political Action Committee (PAC)

Organization that raises and spends money to elect or defeat candidates

Super PACs

Can raise unlimited funds but can not directly coordinate with campaigns