Colonial Times to Articles of Confederation Flashcards

Flashcards from Colonial Times to Articles of Confederation Review

Roanoke

England's first attempt to settle North America, later known as the 'Lost Colony'.

Jamestown

The English settlement funded by the Virginia Company in 1606.

John Smith

The leader who imposed harsh martial law in Jamestown, ensuring its survival.

Powhatan

The group of local tribes that helped the Jamestown colony survive.

John Rolfe

The planter who introduced tobacco to the Jamestown region and married Pocahontas.

Mayflower Compact

The agreement creating a basic legal system for the Plymouth colony.

John Winthrop

The governor who led the Massachusetts Bay colony along Puritan ideals.

Roger Williams

The individual banished from the Bay colony for advocating separation of church and state, later settling Rhode Island.

Rhode Island

Colony settled by Roger Williams after being banished for advocating separation of church and state.

Proprietary Colony

A colony owned by one person, often a gift from the King

Lord Baltimore

The individual given Maryland and declared it a religious haven for Catholics.

Quakers

A religious group was given a colony from King Charles II, making Pennsylvania a haven.

Middle Passage

The shipping route bringing slaves to the Americas as part of the Triangular Trade route.

Salutary Neglect

The British policy of minimal interference in colonial affairs.

Navigation Acts

Acts requiring colonists to buy goods only from England, sell certain products only to England, and import non-English goods via English Ports

Sir William Berkeley

The royal governor of Virginia during Bacon's Rebellion.

Nathaniel Bacon

The leader of a rebellion of western settlers in Virginia who attacked Native tribes and burned Jamestown.

Stono Uprising/Rebellion

A slave rebellion in 1739 in South Carolina, leading to stricter slave laws.

Halfway Covenant

A change to the rules governing Puritan baptism due to a decline in religious fervor.

Great Awakening

A wave of religious revivalism in the colonies during the 1730s-1760s.

Jonathan Edwards

A Congregationalist minister known for his 'fire and brimstone' sermons.

George Whitefield

A Methodist preacher who exemplified the Great Awakening.

Ben Franklin

A colonist who exemplified Enlightenment ideals in America, serving as an inventor, intellectual, and diplomat.

Boston

The major port city in New England, centered on trade.

Bread Colonies

The Middle Colonies, known for heavy exports of grain.

Albany Plan of Union

Plan for an intercolonial government and tax system for colonial defense, developed by Benjamin Franklin.

Ben Franklin

The person who developed the Albany Plan of the Union.

Seven Years War

A war in which the English gained control of Canada and almost everything east of the Mississippi Valley.

Pontiac

An Ottawa war chief who rallied tribes in the Ohio Valley to attack colonial outposts.

Proclamation of 1763

A British measure forbidding colonial settlement west of the Appalachian Mountains.

George III

British King during the Seven Years War

George Grenville

The Prime Minister who felt colonists should help pay the debt from the Seven Years' War.

Virtual Representation

The idea that members of Parliament represented all British subjects, regardless of who elected them.

Sons of Liberty

A group that emerged in the colonies in protest of British taxation.

Townshend Acts

Acts placing duties on imported goods such as glass, lead, paint, and tea in 1767.

Boston Massacre

An event in 1770 where British soldiers fired on a mob, killing five colonists.

Boston Tea Party

An event where the Sons of Liberty dumped tea into Boston Harbor in protest of British policies.

Intolerable Acts

British measures in response to the Boston Tea Party, including closing the harbor and restricting town meetings.

First Continental Congress

The first gathering of colonies to address grievances and organize boycotts.

Shot Heard Round the World

The battle in April 1775 that is considered the first event in the American Revolution.

George Washington

The leader of the army organized by the Second Continental Congress.

Thomas Paine

The author of 'Common Sense,' advocating colonial independence.

Jefferson

The individual commissioned to write the Declaration of Independence.

Thomas Jefferson

U.S founding father who wrote the Declaration of Independence

Articles of Confederation

The strengths of this included the postal service, government to the states

Shay's Rebellion

A revolt that showed the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation.

Great Connecticut Compromise

Compromise of the Constitution creating a bicameral legislature.

Federalist Papers

Papers authored by James Madison, Alexander Hamilton, and John Jay, critical in swaying opinion to ratify the Constitution.

Raise an army, coin money, postal service

Powers of the National government

Education, marriage Laws

Powers of the State government