UNIT4 HISTORY REVIEW 🌎

Marshall Plan

U.S. gave money to help Europe rebuild after WWII. Stopped communism from spreading.

Truman Doctrine

U.S. promised to help countries fight communism, starting U.S. Cold War involvement.

38th Parallel / 17th Parallel

Lines splitting Korea (38th) and Vietnam (17th) into communist North and non-communist South.

NATO

Western countries (U.S., UK) protecting each other from attack.

Warsaw Pact

Communist countries led by USSR, promising to defend each other.

Iron Curtain

Line dividing communist Eastern Europe and democratic Western Europe during the Cold War.

Indian Independence Movement

India fought for freedom from British rule, stayed neutral during Cold War after 1947.

Great Leap Forward

Mao's plan in China to boost farms/factories quickly, failed, caused famine.

Cuban Missile Crisis

U.S. and USSR almost had nuclear war in 1962 over missiles in Cuba.

Genocide Convention (1948)

UN agreement to stop/punish genocide, inspired by the Holocaust.

What was the goal and effect of the Marshall Plan on European recovery after WWII?

Goal: Help Europe's economy. Effect: Faster recovery, less communism.

How did the Truman Doctrine shape U.S. foreign policy during the Cold War?

U.S. helped countries stop communism with money/weapons, became more involved globally.

What motivated U.S. involvement in Vietnam and the Soviet Union’s involvement in Afghanistan?

Both wanted to stop the other's system from spreading (U.S. = democracy; USSR = communism).

How were the 38th and 17th parallels used to divide Cold War territories in Asia?

Lines split Korea (38th) and Vietnam (17th); one side was communist, the other wasn't.

How did third world countries become involved in the Cold War?

U.S./USSR tried to get them on their side with help, money, weapons.

What was the significance of the Iron Curtain in dividing Europe during the Cold War?

Showed the split between democratic West and communist East, symbolizing separation.

How did organizations like NATO and the Warsaw Pact reflect Cold War tensions?

Alliances showed the world's divide, preparing to defend against each other.

What were the main goals of Mao’s Great Leap Forward, and how were they depicted?

Mao wanted China to quickly become a major power. Propaganda showed success, but it caused starvation.

Why did newly independent countries like India adopt non-alignment during the Cold War?

They wanted to stay neutral, making their own choices without picking a side (U.S. or USSR).

How did the UN Genocide Convention reflect the international response to WWII atrocities?

Created after the Holocaust to prevent/punish genocide, protecting human rights.