AQA A-Level History - The Tudors

1514

Richard Hunne is suspected to have been murdered by The Church after he questioned its authority

1485

Richard III is defeated at the Battle of Bosworth by Henry VII

1486

Yorkist Stafford and Lovell failed rebellion due to poor organisation - They didn't even have an heir in mind to replace Henry with

1486

First Navigation Act forbidding English Merchants from loading their goods onto foreign ships (Ships with less than 50% English) if English ships were available

1486

Henry VII persuades Parliament to pass the Act of Resumption, granting him all the Crown Lands lost after 1455

1487

Lambert Simnel is crowned King of England in Ireland

1487

Lambert Simnel defeated at the Battle of Stoke Field by Henry VII

1489

Treaty of Redon stops France invading Brittany

1489

Treaty of Medina Del Campo allies Spain and England against France and establishes the future marriage between Catherine and Arthur

1489

Yorkshire rebellion against tax rises

1491

Perkin Warbeck starts claiming to be the younger of the Princes in the Tower

1492

Treaty of Etaples allows France to annex Brittany, but they have to pay England a pension and relinquish their pretender support

1492

England places fixed tariffs on Italian goods so Italy refuses to send them

1493

Trade embargo with the Netherlands (Burgundy) as Margaret supports Warbeck

1494

Poyning's Law establishes full control over Ireland but is withdrawn due to its cost

1496

Holy League of Venice where everyone allies against France after it invades Italy

1496

Intercursus Magnus is signed ending the Burgundy Trade Embargo

1496

Perkin Warbeck leads a Scottish invasion of England

1497

Cornish Rebellion against tax rises

1497

Treaty of Ayton means 5 year peace and the surrender of Warbeck

1498

Charles VIII of France dies

1499

Perkin Warbeck and the Earl of Warwick are executed

1501

Prince Arthur marries Catherine of Aragon

1502

Death of Prince Arthur

1502

Treaty of Perpetual Peace extends the Treaty of Ayton for the lifetime of both monarchs and proposes a future marriage

1503

Margaret of Burgundy dies

1503

Henry VII's daughter Margaret marries James IV

1503

Elizabeth of York dies

1504

Isabella of Castille dies

1506

Ferdinand of Aragon allies himself with France through marriage

1506

Treaty of Windsor recognised Philip of Burgundy as King of Castille after they shipwrecked and Yorkist pretender the Earl of Suffolk is extradited

1506

Intercursus Malus was a trade partnership with Burgundy that was advantageous to England

1506

Phillip of Burgundy dies mysteriously leaving Joanna on the throne again as his wife. However the following year she is deemed mentally unstable and Ferdinand takes control

1509

Henry VII dies and Henry VIII becomes King

1509

Henry VIII marries Catherine of Aragon

1509

League of Cambrai and England is not included

1510

Empson and Dudley executed

1510

Council Learned in Law abolished

1510

Renewal of the Treaty of Etaples and the pension

1511

Holy League allies England against France which has invaded Italy (Again)

1512

Parliament finally grants Henry the money he needs for War with France

1512

Henry sends a force to France but is betrayed by Ferdinand who captures Navarre

1513

Henry on his second campaign wins the Battle of Spurs but loses the French pension

1513

Capture of Tournai and Therouanne, although it is a failure as one is given to the Holy Roman Empire and one is given to France for a pension in 1518

1513

Catherine of Aragon leads the English to victory against Scotland in The Battle of Flodden and James IV is killed leaving an infant son as heir

1513

Whilst Henry is in France, Catherine defeats and kills James IV who has an infant son as heir

1513

Thomas Wolsey becomes Chief Minister

1514

Ferdinand and Maximillian pull out of France again and Wolsey skilfully recovers the pension

1514

Henry's sister Mary is forced to marry the old Louis XII of France

1515

Act of Resumption is an attempt to regain Crown Land Revenue, but it fails

1515

Francis I becomes King of France

1515

A French noble is appointed heir regent on the Scottish throne

1516

Treaty of Noyon between France and Spain leaves England isolated again

1516

Charles I becomes King of Spain

1517

Enclosure begins

1517

Martin Luther writes 95 Theses

1518

Treaty of London is called against the Ottoman's where Europe agrees to no Wars to form a Catholic Crusade

1518

Wolsey appointed Papal Legate

1519

Wolsey removes the King's minions from the Privvy Chamber but they return

1519

Charles I becomes Holy Roman Emperor Charles V

1520

Field of the Cloth of Gold is a failed attempt to ally England and France

1521

Treaty/Alliance of Bruges between England, The Pope and the HRE kickstarting the Italian Wars

1523

Subsidy Act to raise more taxes

1525

Wolsey regains money through the Amicable Grant (Illegal Taxation) but becomes hugely unpopular

1525

Francis I is captured by Charles V in The Battle of Pavia ending the Italian Wars the next year

1526

Wolsey tries to reform the Court through the Eltham Ordinances leading to his downfall

1527

Sack of Rome by Charles V and the Pope becomes a virtual prisoner

1527

Henry wants to divorce Catherine and Wolsey is tasked with negotiations

1529

Return of the Conciliar Government

1529

French defeated in Italy again by Charles V at The Battle of Landriano

1528

Peace of Cambrai confirms Spanish rule in South Italy and ends part of the War between the HRE and France

1530

Wolsey is arrested and dies of natural causes

1532

Act of Annates was an attempt at getting The Pope to grant Henry a divorce by only sending 5% of the money that was usually sent to Rome

1532

Cromwell becomes chief minister

1533

Henry divorces Catherine and marries Anne Boleyn

1533

Elizabeth is born

1533

Act of Restraint of Appeals stops people from appealing church matters to the Pope, with them going to Henry instead

1534

Act of Supremacy establishes the Church of England

1534

Treason Act makes verbal treason punishable

1534

Mary is declared illegitimate through The Act of Succession

1534

Henry falls out with the Earl of Kildare and dismisses him, causing a rebellion in Ireland

1534

Second Act of Annates diverting all payments made to Rome to Henry instead

1534

Henry created The Court of First Fruits and Tenths, tasked with diverting money that would've gone to The Pope to Henry instead

1534

Act of the Submission of the Clergy finalised the transfer of power from the Catholic Church to the Protestant one

1535

Negotiations with Schmalkaldic League begin as Anne Boleyn is getting too powerful

1535

Valor Ecclesiasticus surgery into the wealth of the Church and Monasteries

1535

Henry VIII's former Chancellor Thomas More is executed after not swearing an Oath after Henry becomes Supreme Head of The Church in England

1536

Catherine of Aragon dies

1536

Act for the Dissolution of the Lesser Monasteries

1536

Act of Ten Articles reinforces protestant beliefs

1536

Henry divorces Anne Boleyn and executes her, marrying Jane Seymour

1536

Second Act of Succession removing Elizabeth and adding any children of Jane Seymour

1536

Wales brought under more direct control by being divided into shire counties governed by people appointed by the King

1537

Birth of prince Edward and the Death of Jane Seymour

1538

The Treaty of Nice between France and Spain allows the French to keep Turin

1538

Henry is excommunicated by the Pope which opens up the risk of a Catholic Crusade

1539

The first authorised English version of The Bible is created, named "The Great Bible"

1539

Act of the Six Articles enforces traditional catholic doctrine within the English church, fiercely opposed by Cromwell

1539

Second Suppression Act that dissolves the rest of the monasteries with the last one gone by May 1540

1540

Henry marries German Princess Anne of Cleves