Dermatology

pinnal-pedal reflex

Scabies

Tail head pruritis

FAD

Perianal lesions

Food allergy

Licking feet

Atopy

What organisms are identified by superficial skin scrape?

sarcoptes

cheyletiella

What organisms are identified by deep skin scrape?

Demodex

What organisms are identified by trichogram?

demodex

What organisms are identified by toothbrush technique?

Fungus

What does it mean if you press a slide to reddened skin and it turns white?

Blanching means the reddening is due to inflammation (as opposed to being due to hemorrhage in the skin)

What does it mean if you press a slide to reddened skin and it stays red?

This means that the reddening is due to hemorrhage into the skin (petechia/ecchymosis/purpura/vasculitis)

how long do food trials last in dogs vs cats?

dogs - 2 months

cats - 3 months

What are the three layers of the skin from outside to inside

1. Epidermis

2. Dermis

3. Subcutaneous

which cell type of the epidermis is responsible for antigen processing and presentation?

langerhans cells

What are the four layers of the epidermis from out to in?

All begin with Stratum

1. Corneum

2. Granulosum

3. Spinosum

4. Basale

What connects the dermis and epidermis har can be the target of many immune-mediated diseases?

Basement Membrane

What structures in the body do NOT have a subcutaneous layer?

1. Eyelid

2. External ear

What sweat glands are only found in the foot pads?

Atrichial glands

What are the four stages of growth of the hair cycle?

1. Anagen - growth

2. Catagen - regression

3. Telogen - rest

4. Exogen - Shedding

itch

pRuritUS

ItchY

pRuritIC

Outer coat/guard hairs

primary hairs

under coat

secondary hairs

basic units of sphingolipids

ceramides

redness of the skin

erythema

thickening of the skin

lichenification

thickening of the stratum corneum

Hyperkeratosis

Accumulation of fragments of stratum corneum

scale

dried exudate

crust

serum + blood exudate

serosanguineous

ear wax

Cerumen

red circumscribed solid elevation of the skin (NO fluid)

papule

circumscribed elevation of the skin containing exudate

pustule

blister

vesicle (small) or bulla (large)

circle of scale usually left over from a ruptured pustule or bulla

collarette

shallow/superficial ulcer

erosion

scratch/abrasion

excoriation

when do we see excoriation?

self trauma

when do we see a collarette?

bacterial pyoderma

when do we see pustules?

1. bacterial pyoderma

2. pemphigus

crater like defect of the epidermis exposing the dermis

ulcer

linear erosion/ulceration

fissure

Hive

wheal

small circumscribed mass or tissue

nodule

epithelium-lined sac

cyst

small area of color change

macula

Macula >3-4cm

patch

superficial, solid skin elevation

plaque

accumulation of keratin+follicular material

follicular cast

when do we see follicular casts?

1. Vitamin-A responsive dermatosis

2. sebaceous adenitis

3. demodecosis

4. dermatophytosis

   1. bacterial folliculitis

Dilated hair follicle filled with material (blackhead)

comedo

What skin lesion can we see with corticosteroid use?

Comedo

What skin lesion can we see with vitamin-a responsive dermatosis?

follicular cast

Painfule nodule that opens and drains fluid

fistula

How do you spell the medical term for itch?

A) PRURITUS
B) PRURITIS

pruritUS

Where do you think the thickest epidermis is?

A) nasal planum of the nose
B) foot pads

Foot pads

What is the period of daylight called?

Photoperiod

What is the most important lipid in barrier function?

Ceramides

PRURITIS is the correct spelling for itch
A) yes
B) no
C) I have no idea ... I was asleep :)
D) maybe?

NO - pruritUS is itch pruritIS is itchY

“Scratchy Sue” the 11 year old dog presents
to you for pruritus of her tail, tail head, and
caudal 1/3 of her body. The most likely
diagnosis is:
A) Scabies
B) Flea Allergic Dermatitis
C) Otitis externa

FAD

What is the gold standard test to diagnose
food allergy/adverse reactions ?
A) an Intradermal Allergy Test
B) a food trial
C) a Serum Allergy Test

Food trial

ID

Demodex

ID

Demodex

ID

Demodex

ID

Demodex

ID

Demodex

greasy dog

generalized demodecosis`

Which treatment for demodex is potentially dangerous for MDR1 dogs?

Isoxazolines

how is canine demodex treated?

Isoxazolines

Which species of demodex is more superficial and is therefore less likely to show up on deep skin scraping?

Demodex gatoi

How is demodex treated in the cat?

Fluralaner/sarolaner

ID

Sarcoptes scabei

What is the most likely ectoparasite to cause ventral
abdominal pruritus and subsequent alopecia in the
cat?

A. Notoedres

B. Demodex gatoi

C. Otodectes

Demodex gatoi

The finding of a positive pinnal pedal reflex aids in the diagnosis of which of the following:

A. FAD

B. Scabies

C. Otodectes

Scabies

The treatment of choice for Feline Demodecosis given the following options is?

A. Selamectin

B. Fipronil

C. Lime Sulfur

Lime Sulfur

The epidermis has four main cell types. This cell type is responsible for antigen processing and presenting:

A. Melanocytes

B. Keratinocytes

C. Merkel Cells

D. Langerhans Cells

Langerhans cells

Today you diagnosed four dogs with generalized
demodicosis. Which of the following of these dogs
is at greatest risk for an adverse drug reaction if
treated with ivermectin?
a. Jake the Samoyed
b. Dexter the Australian Shepherd
c. Laddie the Affenpinscher
d. Bongo the Jack Russell terrier

Dexter the aussie!!!

The owners of the following four pets are planning a
vacation in the near future and wish to board their pets. All
of these pets have dermatologic conditions. Which of the
following is contagious and must be effectively treated
before the pet is boarded?
a. Simon the Siamese with Notoedres cati
b. Dandy the miniature pincher with Demodex canis
c. Shelly the DSH cat with Demodex cati
d. Fred the West Highland White Terrier with Malassezia

Notoedres!!

What is the primary cause of bacterial pyoderma

Staphylococcus pseudintermedius

What is the term for superficial bacterial pyoderma

Bacterial folliculitis

Puppy pyoderma

Impetigo

What antibiotics should not be used for bacterial pyoderma regardless of susceptibility?

Clavamox and cephalosporins

How long do we need to treat bacterial pyoderma?

2 weeks PAST RESOLUTION of CS

Which azole is for DOGS ONLY

KETOconazole

What is the BEST way to diagnose dermatophytosis

fungal culture

Ring worm

dermatophytosis

How long can dermatophyte infected hair remain viable in the environment?

Up to 18 months!

Which feline breeds are predisposed for dermatophytosis?

Persians and Himalayans

What is the average length of the flea life cycle?

A. 6 months

B. 3 weeks

C. 2 weeks

3 weeks

What is the most common species of flea to affect DOGS?

A. Pulex irritans

B. Ctenocephalides canis

C. Ctenocephalides felis

Ctenocephalides felis

What would be the most favorable environment/climate for fleas?

A. San Francisco, CA

B. Richland, WA

C. Boise, ID

San francisco

Felix the indoor FAD cat lives with 4 other cats. His ideal flea control should consist of:

A. Flea control monthly - outdoor cats and Felix

B. Flea control monthly - all cats including Felix

C. Flea control monthly - indoor cats and Felix

Flea control monthly - all cats including Felix

River the retriever swims daily and is
bathed weekly. His best choice for
monthly flea control is:
A) topical
B) oral
C) force shield

Oral

Which adverse food reaction involves the immune system?

A. Food Allergy

B. Food Intolerance

C. Both

Food Allergy

Huey the husky puppy with diarrhea and pruritus
had unknown intestinal parasitism, was attacked by
another dog, took several antibiotics, and was
exposed to many protein sources while recovering
from his attack. What could have led to breakdown
of his mucosal barrier?
A) antibiotics
B) intestinal parasitism
C) multiple changing protein sources

D) All

ALL!

Huey the husky puppy with diarrhea and pruritus
had unknown intestinal parasitism, was attacked by
another dog, took several antibiotics, and was
exposed to many protein sources while recovering
from his attack. What would you do for Huey?

Probiotic

Fecal float (tx as indicated)

Food trial novel diet

What protein is cross-reactive with beef?

Venison

What protein is cross-reactive with venison?

Beef

Sally the Sheltie is 6 months old and has been
pruritic since she was 2 months old. She has eaten a
chicken based diet since being weened and has beef
treats. Which would be the best choice of a protein
source for a novel food trial diet ?
A) Duck
B) Beef
C) Venison
D) Fish

Fish

Larry the Lab is 10 years old and has been
persistently pruritic since he was 9 years old. He has
excellent flea control monthly and has not moved
or changed environments. What is your main d/dx
for Larry ?
A) Flea allergic dermatitis
B) Atopic dermatitis
C) Food adverse reaction
D) Food allergy

Food Adverse Reaction