Narcotic Agonists, Narcotic Antagonists, Non-narcotic Analgesics

Exam 1

Narcotic agonist actions

Act at specific opioid receptor site in the CNS, produced anaglesai, sedation and a sense of well-being

Narcotic agonist indications

Relief of severe acute or chronic pain, analgesia during anesthesia.

Narcotic agonist pharmacokinetics

IV is the most reliable way to achieve therapeutic response, IM & Sub-q rate varies between sexes and hepatic metabolism, generally excreted in urine and bile.

Narcotic agonist contradictions

Know allergies, pregnancy/labor/lactation & diarrhea caused by poisons.

Narcotic Agonist Cautions

Respiratory dysfunction, GI/GU surgery and acute abdomen or ulcerative colitis.

Narcotic agonists adverse effects

Respiratory depression w/t apnea, cardiac arrest, shock, orthostatic hypotension, N/V, constipation, biliary spasms, dizziness, psychoses, anxiety, fear and hallucinations.

Narcotic agonists drug-to-drug interaction

Alcohol, antihistamines, Barbiturate general anesthetics, benzodiazepines, phenothiazines and MAOIs.

Narcotic antagonists (naloxone, Narcan)

This drug reverse the effects of narcotics; and diagnosis suspected acute narcotic overdose.

Narcotic antagonists actions

Drugs that have a stronger affinity to bond to opioid receptors but they do not activate the receptors. These reverse the effects of opiods

Narcotic antagonists indications

Reversal of the adverse effects of narcotics, and treat narcotic or alcoholic dependence.

Narcotic antagonist adverse effects (3)

Tachycardia, BP changes and dysrhythmias

Non-narcotic analgesics (acetaminophen) actions

• Acts directly on thermoregulatory cells of the hypothalamus but the mechanism of action are unknown related to the analgesic.

• Used to treat pain and fever.

Non-narcotic analgesics (acetaminophen) Treatment of pain & fever

• Treats pain and fever associated with a variety on conditions including influenza

• Prophylaxis of children receiving diptheria-pert

Non-narcotic analgesics (acetaminophen) Adverse Effects

Headache, hemolytic anemia, renal dysfunction, skin rash, & fever. Hepatotoxicity usually associated with chronic use or overdose.

Drug-to Drug Interactions

• Oral anticoagulants increase bleeding

• Hepatotoxicity with barbiturates, carbamazepine, hydantoins or rifampin.