Data Processing Concept

ATIS

Automated service that provides current

aerodrome information to departing and

arriving aircraft.

AWOS

System that provides continues , real time

information and reports on airport weather

condition.

HK MCC

serves as the central data information hub

for 406 distress beacon signals sent by

satellites in the the SARSAT system.

MADCC

aeronautical ground-ground

communications based on X.400

format

MDPS

system for the acquisition, processing and

distribution of weather information

WAFS

provide the worldwide aviation community

with operational meteorological forecasts

AISS

is to ensure the flow of aeronautical data and aeronautical

information necessary for global air traffic management (ATM)

system

EAD

is the world's largest Aeronautical

Information System (AIS), a centralised

reference database of aeronautical

information

GNSS

for any of the satellite constellations that

broadcast positioning, navigation and

timing data.

NANU

provide updates on the general health of

individual satellites in the GPS

constellation.

ATMS

is the dynamic, integrated

management of air traffic and

airspace safely, economically and

efficiently through the provision of

facilities and seamless services in

collaboration with all parties.

Data Processing

provide the means of relaying

essential information for the

safe and orderly operation of

ANS (Air Navigation Service).

- Surveillance System

- Communications system

- Ground-Ground Control System

- Flow Control System

- Separation Standards

Basic ATC System Elements

Basic ATC System Elements

All of these elements combine to provide the controller’s tools of trade

Secondary RADAR

Reflection of transmitted signals back to the radar

Only Positional data

ADS-C Surveillance

dependent on contracts automatically established between the ground system and an individual, equipped aircraft

ADS-B

based on automatic, high-

update-rate “squitters” being

transmitted by equipped aircraft.

Any system with the appropriate

receiver can process the information

Ground Based ADS-B

Space Based ADS-B

ADS-B two kinds of input

VHF and HF

voice

communications can be conducted via _____ bands

VHF, HF, Satellite

Depending on the location and equipment carried, data

communications can be conducted via _______ data netoworks

Flight Plan

is a document that provides information about an aircraft's intended flight to air traffic control.

Separation standards

one of the

most important tools to be mastered by a controller is the application of ________

Altitude
Time
Distance

separation standards based on differences in:

Vertical

Separations Standards: operation at different levels

Lateral

Separation Standards: based on aircraft routes (side by side)

Longitudinal

following another same level

Wake Turbulence

Based on size of aircraft

Aircraft flight plan data
controller instructions
pilot reports
coordination

Flight progress strips record:

Sector

defined volume of airspace controlled by a controller

Separation Standard

Set of rules that define the minimum spacing in terms of distance or time between any aircraft pairs to ensure they do not collide.

takes account of errors in terms of equipment tolerances (Radar, Navigation Aids, Time....)

Altitude

Height above Mean Sea Level using local barometric pressure (QNH)

Used when <= 10,000ft

Flight level

standard nominal altitude used in aviation that is based on a fixed standard atmospheric pressure of 1013.25hPa (QNE)

Used when > 10,000ft

Air Traffic Management

is the dynamic, integrated management of air traffic and airspace — safely, economically and efficiently — through the provision of facilities and seamless services in collaboration with all parties.

Flight Plan Data

Air Traffic Data:
Provides aircraft intention (route level, timing)

Surveillance data

Air Traffic Data:
Provides aircraft speed position, speed, ID

Communication data

Air Traffic Data:
Coordination and control exchanges

Meteorological Data

Air Traffic Data:
Affects flight profile separation

Aeronautical Data

Air Traffic Data:
Static + dynamic airspace information

Operating System

Is a system software, which acts

as the master controller for all

of the activities that take place

within a air traffic management

system.

Operating System

constantly monitors the health of

the hardware and, if it detects a

failure, it can automatically trigger

a "failover" to a backup server so

the controller’s screen stays

active.

Thalix OS

ATM
OS Linux-Based
Thales Company
Multi-Tasking and multi user
Runs Wide Range of hardware

system

For the TopSky ATC applications & maintenance

resms

For TopSky ATC software installation into the system account

root

Root permissions are required for some ATM System functions

Middleware

It acts as a middle layer between

the operating system and the

application layer, providing a

common platform and services for

data exchange, integration, and

coordination.

UBSS

provides the Operating Support services

that TopSky requires to operate securely.

CDC

All datastore copies with the same

name will contain the same

information on all relevant nodes.

NPM

Controls nodes and dual nodes in a

pre-defined way (start/restart,

shutdown, control and monitoring of

each node).

DNC

Subcomponent of NPM. Allows two nodes, connected to the same LAN, to form a redundant configuration for fault tolerant applications by assigning states to these two nodes.

SCM

Offers a facility to monitor and control

system technical status.

BNS

Find the physical location of logical

communication endpoints;

Provides a fault-tolerant and

distributed service based on CDC.

BNS

provides:
fault-tolerant and distributed service based on CDC;

Subscription/notification model

A name service to applicaiton

Topsky ATC

purpose is to provide the equipment and facilities for the management of air traffic within the airspace of the Flight Information Region(FIR).

It is designed to address all missions required by an ATC system to control traffic in en-route, terminal approach and oceanic airspace.

FDP

manages the complete lifecycle of a flight within the air traffic management system.

Flight Plan Evolution

is the controlled transition of flight plan data through its operational lifecycle—from initial filing to post- flight archival—managed internally by FDP and synchronized with ATC, safety nets, coordination systems, and legal recording.

SDP

Integrate multiple radars and process the received data to generate a unique system track;

Safety Net Function

serves to alert controllers of a potential, imminent or actual infringement of safety margins to prevent hazardous situations from developing into major incidents or even accidents. ;

continuously computes trajectories and compares them against safety thresholds.

Human Machine Interface

is the medium for interaction and information exchange between the system and controllers.

System Control and Monitoring

provide the monitoring and controlling function, and the failure of the monitoring and controlling function should not affect the operation of other modules.

Network Redundancy

A Primary and Secondary path preventing single points of failure

Provides high system fault tolerance and recovery at both Node and Switch levels

For each node, a connection to either the A or B LANs is guaranteed,

THALiX process called Bonding manages the network interfaces.

System Redundancy

Achieved via Multiple Operator Nodes and functionality transfer

Achieved via dual redundant servers

Dual Data Processor Nodes

Recording and Playback

allows synchronized playback of the air traffic situation,

controller-pilot communication, and controller actions in the air

situation display for incident analysis and investigation.

FDP
SDP
Safety Net Outputs
HMI
System and Hardware Events

Recording Function automatically captures, and stores (5):

Automatic Operation
Time Synchronization
Data Format
Integrity Validation
Retention Management

Design Recording Requirements (5):

Replay Function

Reconstructs recorded data in chronological sequence for investigation, training, or verification.

Time Based Replay
Synchronized multi Source replay
Selective Playback
Speed Control
Data Export
Simulation Mode

Replay Function Capabilities (6)

Data Integrity
Access Control
Retention and Disposal

Data Security (3)