Week 4 (2/3) Long Bones

Exam 1

diaphysis

the bulk of the long “axis” of the long bone - forms a tube of compact bone around medullary cavity

epiphysis

the thick ends of the long bone that are formed from an outer shell of compact bone and inner spongy bone filling

medullary cavity

the bone cavity underneath the diaphysis containing yellow bone marrow

epiphyseal line

a remnant of the epiphyseal plate in early development that separates the diaphysis and epiphysis

compact bone

a type of hard, calcified bone tissue with osteons as the primary structural unit

spongy bone

a porous, honey-comb-like bone tissue make of flat trabeculae and bone marrow

articular cartilage

a type of hyaline cartilage that covers the end of bones at movable joints

endosteum

connective tissue membrane that lines the medullary cavity

periosteum

a denser, more fibrous membrane covering the outside of the long bones (but not at the joint epiphysis ends)

yellow marrow

fat-containing marrow in the medullary cavity of long bones that serves as energy storage and can revert to red marrow

nutrient arteries

blood vessels that run into the bone marrow, spongy bone, and then compact bone to supply them

red marrow

responsible for hematopoiesis, found in the cavities of spongy bone