Self-Concept and Coping Strategies

These flashcards cover key concepts related to self-concept, stress, coping strategies, and grief as discussed in the lecture.

A nurse is assessing a client's understanding of their own identity. Which term best describes how a client perceives themselves or their overarching perception of who they are?

Self-concept.

When educating a patient, a nurse explains that self-concept is how a person perceives themselves. What is the key differentiating factor for self-esteem?

Self-concept relates to how a person perceives themselves, while self-esteem relates to how a person feels about themselves.

According to Roger's Theory of Self-Concept, a nurse should consider which three components when assessing a client's self-perception?

Self-image, self-esteem, and the ideal self.

A nurse observing a colleague who effectively manages their own and others' emotions, perceiving and understanding emotional cues, is likely recognizing what quality?

Emotional intelligence.

A client expresses confidence in their ability to manage their new diabetes regimen, including checking blood glucose and administering insulin. The nurse recognizes this as an example of what psychological concept?

Self-efficacy.

During an assessment of a 6-month-old infant, a nurse understands that the primary developmental task, according to Erikson, is focused on which stage?

Trust vs. Mistrust (Birth to 1 year).

When a teenager is exploring their values, beliefs, and roles, the nurse identifies this process as involving what aspect of development?

Developing an understanding of oneself within the context of family, cultural, and social norms.

A client experiencing acute anxiety suddenly exhibits an increased heart rate and blood pressure in response to a perceived threat. The nurse recognizes this as what common physiological reaction?

Fight-or-flight response.

A client has been under prolonged stress and is starting to show signs of fatigue and decreased coping ability. The nurse recalls Hans Selye's theory describing the body's three-stage response to stress as what?

A three-stage response to stress involving alarm, resistance, and exhaustion.

When assessing a client's stress level, the nurse categorizes potential stressors into which two broad categories?

Physiological (physical) and psychological (emotional).

A nurse is assessing a client's perception of their physical attributes, noting how they feel about their appearance. Which specific aspect of self-concept is the nurse evaluating?

Body image.

A client newly diagnosed with a chronic illness actively seeks educational materials and joins a support group. The nurse recognizes these behaviors as examples of what type of coping strategy?

Adaptive coping mechanisms.

A 16-year-old client frequently expresses confusion about their future career, personal values, and social roles. According to Erik Erikson's developmental stages, which psychosocial crisis is the client navigating?

Identity vs. Role Confusion.

A nurse is developing a care plan for a client experiencing chronic work-related stress. Which intervention would be most effective in helping the client build resilience and manage their stress?

Teaching stress reduction techniques (e.g., progressive muscle relaxation, diaphragmatic breathing) and exploring adaptive coping strategies.

When caring for a diverse client population, a nurse understands that a client's self-concept is shaped by multiple interacting factors. Which of the following are significant influences on an individual's perception of self?

Culture, developmental stage, previous experiences, interactions with others, and physical or mental health status.

A middle-aged client shares with the nurse their desire to mentor younger colleagues and contribute meaningfully to their community. This reflects the successful navigation of which of Erikson's psychosocial stages?

Generativity vs. Stagnation.

A nurse assesses a client who, when stressed, frequently withdraws from social activities, neglects personal hygiene, and abuses prescription medication. These behaviors are examples of what type of coping mechanism?

Maladaptive coping mechanisms.

During an initial assessment, a nurse asks a client, "How has stress impacted your daily life?" and "What strategies do you use to manage stress?" The information gathered from these questions is primarily considered what type of data?

Subjective data.

A client expresses feelings of inadequacy regarding their ability to fulfill multiple responsibilities as a parent, spouse, and employee. The nurse identifies this challenge as related to which component of self-concept?

Role performance.

A nurse encourages a client to reflect on their own thoughts, feelings, and behavioral patterns. This process of gaining insight into one's inner mental life is best described by what term?

Self-awareness.

A nurse is caring for a client who consistently uses negative self-talk and avoids making eye contact. These behaviors might indicate a deficit in which area?

Self-esteem.

What term identifies the subjective picture or mental image of one's own body, including feelings about it?

Body image.

A nurse observes a client expressing distress over changes to their physical appearance following surgery. The nurse understands this is a disturbance related to which aspect of self-concept?

Body image.

According to Erikson, a toddler learning to assert their independence and make choices is engaged in what developmental conflict?

Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt.

A preschool-aged child who frequently asks "why" and enjoys initiating play with others is successfully navigating which of Erikson's stages?

Initiative vs. Guilt.

What is the primary psychosocial task for school-aged children (6-12 years) according to Erikson?

Industry vs. Inferiority.

A young adult struggling to form lasting, intimate relationships may be facing challenges in which Eriksonian stage?

Intimacy vs. Isolation.

What is the final psychosocial crisis, according to Erikson, where an individual reflects on their life with a sense of fulfillment or regret?

Integrity vs. Despair.

What term describes a stressor that can have a positive effect, such as the excitement of starting a new job or getting married?

Eustress.

What is the term for negative stress that can lead to physical and psychological health problems if prolonged?

Distress.

When a client learns to prioritize tasks and use time management to reduce feelings of overwhelm, they are employing which type of coping strategy?

Problem-focused coping.

A client uses denial and avoidance when faced with a difficult diagnosis. These are examples of what general type of coping, focusing on managing emotions rather than the stressor itself?

Emotion-focused coping.

What is the initial stage of Hans Selye's General Adaptation Syndrome, where the body's immediate physiological response to a stressor is activated?

Alarm reaction.

In Selye's General Adaptation Syndrome, what stage involves the body attempting to adapt to the stressor and returning to a state of equilibrium, often with increased resilience?

Resistance stage.

What is the final stage of the General Adaptation Syndrome, where the body's resources are depleted, leading to potential health problems and increased vulnerability?

Exhaustion stage.

Chronic activation of the stress response primarily involves the release of which two key hormones from the adrenal glands?

Adrenaline (epinephrine) and cortisol.

A nurse explains mindfulness meditation to a client as a way to reduce stress. What category of stress management technique does this fall under?

Relaxation techniques.

A client who believes they can successfully manage their pain with prescribed medication and non-pharmacological methods is demonstrating a high level of what psychological concept?

Self-efficacy.

Which aspect of emotional intelligence involves understanding one's own feelings and how they affect thoughts and behavior?

Self-awareness of emotions.

A nurse who can accurately interpret a client's nonverbal cues and understand their unspoken feelings is demonstrating which component of emotional intelligence?

Empathy.

When a client's behaviors and perception of themselves align with their aspirations, what concept is being demonstrated, indicating a healthy integration of self?

Self-congruence.

What are the four main sources that a nurse can utilize to enhance a client's belief in their own ability to achieve a goal, according to Bandura?

Mastery experiences, vicarious experiences, social persuasion, and physiological/affective states.

A nurse who consistently seeks opportunities for professional growth and maintains a positive outlook despite challenges demonstrates which key element of emotional intelligence?

Motivation.

A client who experiences frequent headaches, insomnia, and gastrointestinal issues during periods of high demand at work is manifesting what type of stress response?

Physiological/Physical symptoms of stress.

What is the term for the body's ability to maintain a stable internal environment despite external changes, often challenged by significant stressors?

Homeostasis.

A nurse helps a client set realistic goals to improve their functional ability after a stroke. This intervention supports which psychological concept relating to belief in one's capacity to succeed?

Self-efficacy.

When a client perceives a discrepancy between their 'real self' (who they are) and their 'ideal self' (who they wish to be), what psychological state might they experience?

Distress or anxiety, leading to dissatisfaction.

What term describes a person's inner conviction of being male, female, both, or neither, often independent of biological sex?

Gender identity.

A nurse encourages a client to engage in regular physical exercise as a way to manage anxiety. This is an example of what type of health promotion strategy against stress?

Adaptive coping/Stress reduction technique.

What concept refers to the subjective sense of who one is, encompassing individuality, uniqueness, and consistency over time?

Identity.

A client identifies as a successful entrepreneur and a dedicated mentor. These various aspects contribute to their overall sense of what?

Identity/Role performance.

What term refers to a belief system where individuals are expected to prioritize group goals over individual desires, often influencing self-concept?

Collectivism.