Physics 9

Battery/source

Gives energy to coulombs in a circuit.

Conductor

Passes coulombs in a circuit.

Switch

Controls the flow of coulombs in the circuit.

Insulator

Does not pass coulombs.

Ammeter

Counts coulombs per second, connected in series, measures current in amperes.

Voltmeter

Measures change in energy per coulomb, connected in parallel, measures potential energy in volts.

Resistor

Takes energy from coulombs and converts it into heat as current passes through.

Current/Amperage

The flow of coulombs per second.

Voltage

The energy change per coulomb, measured in joules per coulomb.

Short circuit

A connection without resistors that causes excessive flow of coulombs.

Series Circuit

A circuit where components are connected in a single path.

Parallel Circuit

A circuit where components are connected side by side, allowing multiple paths for current.

Ohm's Law

The relationship V = I x R, where V is voltage, I is current, and R is resistance.

Power (P)

Calculated as P = I x V, representing the rate at which energy is used.

Energy (E)

Calculated as E = P x T, representing the total energy consumed over time.

What is condensation in the water cycle?

Condensation is the process by which water vapor in the air cools and changes into liquid water, forming clouds.

What is precipitation?

Precipitation is any form of water that falls from clouds to the Earth's surface, including rain, snow, sleet, and hail.

What is collection in the water cycle?

Collection is when water gathers in bodies of water like rivers, lakes, and oceans, from which it can evaporate again.

What is the role of the sun in the water cycle?

The sun provides energy that drives the evaporation process, turning liquid water into vapor.

What is infiltration?

Infiltration is the process by which water on the ground surface enters the soil, replenishing groundwater supplies.