Neoplastic Lung Disease

These flashcards cover key vocabulary and concepts related to neoplastic lung disease, including definitions of different types of lung cancers, stages, risks, and related conditions.

Neoplastic Lung Disease

A condition characterized by the development of tumors in the lung, which can be benign or malignant.

Carcinoma

A type of cancer that originates in the epithelial cells of tissues, accounting for 90-95% of lung cancers.

Adenocarcinoma

The most common subtype of lung cancer in never-smokers; often associated with gain-of-function mutations in growth factor signaling pathways.

Squamous Cell Carcinoma

A subtype of lung cancer highly associated with smoking; characterized by chromosome deletions in tumor suppressor loci.

Small Cell Carcinoma

A highly aggressive type of lung cancer that is virtually always related to smoking, with the highest mutational burden among lung cancers.

Stages of Lung Cancer

Utilizes the TNM system to describe the anatomic extent of cancer at diagnosis, with varying metastasis patterns and survival rates.

Precursor Lesions

Morphological changes in lung epithelial cells that may lead to cancer, including atypical adenomatous hyperplasia.

Paraneoplastic Syndromes

Symptoms associated with lung cancer that arise from tumor secretions rather than direct effects of the tumor itself.

Pleural Effusion

Accumulation of excess fluid in the pleural cavity, commonly resulting from both primary and secondary pleural diseases.

Malignant Mesothelioma

A rare cancer associated with asbestos exposure, characterized by a long latency period and significant mortality.

Tumor Metastasis

The spread of cancer cells from the primary site to distant organs, with lungs being a common site for metastatic neoplasms.

Hydrothorax

A non-inflammatory accumulation of serous fluid within the pleural cavities, most commonly due to heart failure.

Chylothorax

Accumulation of lymphatic fluid in the pleural cavity, often resulting from obstruction or trauma to the thoracic duct.

Smoking Related Lung Cancers

Lung cancers associated with tobacco smoking, which account for approximately 80% of lung cancers.

Lung Cancer Epidemiology

The statistical study of lung cancer incidence and mortality, highlighting its status as the most common cause of cancer death.

Environmental and Occupational Hazards

Factors such as air pollution, asbestos, and industrial chemicals that increase the risk of developing lung cancer.