________ and chlorine are gases, bromine is a liquid and iodine is a solid.
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Helium
________ is used for filling balloons and weather balloons as it is less dense than air and does not burn.
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Chlorine
________ is pale green, bromine is red- brown and iodine is black.
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Astatine
________ is at the bottom of Group VII so will be a solid.
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transition elements
The ________ form coloured compounds and often have more than one oxidation state, such as iron readily forming compound of both Fe2+ and Fe3+.
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Neon
________ and argon are used as inert atmospheres for sensitive experiments where nitrogen is not appropriate.
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Francium
________ is rare and radioactive so is difficult to confirm predictions.
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vertical columns
Group: these are the ________ that show how many outer electrons each atom has.
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Iron
________ for example can lose two electrons to form Fe2+ or three electrons to form Fe3+.
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sodium
Group I metals are lithium, ________, potassium, rubidium, caesium and francium.
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halide ions
They form ________ by gaining one more electron to complete their outer shells.
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Halogens
________ are diatomic, meaning they form molecules of two atoms.
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Argon
________ is used to provide an inert atmosphere for welding.
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strong metals
They are very hard and ________ and are good conductors of heat and electricity.
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Bromine
________ will therefore displace iodine from an aqueous solution of metal iodide.
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outermost electrons
When atoms collide and react, it is the ________ that interact.
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Eg elements
________ in Period 2 have two electron shells, elements in Period 3 have three electron shells.
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Group VIII
The noble gases are in ________ (or Group 0); they are non- metals and have very low melting and boiling points.
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medicine
They are used in ________ and surgical applications such as limb and joint replacement (titanium is often used for this as it can bond with bones due to its high biocompatibility)
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reactivity of Group VII non metals
The ________ increases as you move up the group.
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halogen displacement reaction
A(n) ________ occurs when a more reactive halogen displaces a less reactive halogen from an aqueous solution of its halide.
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Astatine
________ is at the bottom of Group VII so will have the highest melting and boiling point.
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Fluorine
________ is not allowed in schools so observations and experiments tend to only involve chlorine, bromine and iodine.
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transition elements
The ________ have more than one oxidation state, as they can lose a different number of electrons, depending on the chemical environment they are in.
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Chlorine
________ will therefore displace bromine from an aqueous solution of metal bromide.
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Argon
________ is also used to fill electric light bulbs as it is inert.
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Bromine
________ is above iodine in Group VII so is more reactive.
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francium
As the reactivity of alkali metals increases down the group, rubidium, caesium and ________ will react more vigorously with air and water than lithium, sodium and potassium.
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Fluorine
________ is at the top of Group VII so will have the lowestmelting and boiling point.
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Astatine
________ is at the bottom of Group VII so the colour will be darker, so ________ is black.
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transition elements
The ________ are used extensively as catalystsdue to their ability to interchange between a range of oxidation states.
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argon
Neon, ________ and xenon are used in advertising signs.
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Bromine
________ and iodine.
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Chlorine
________ is above bromine in Group VII so is more reactive.
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Fluorine
________ is at the top of Group VII so will be a gas.
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Fluorine
________ is at the top of Group VII so the colour will be lighter, so ________ is yellow.
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The table is arranged in vertical columns called Groupsnumbered I
VIII (numbers shown on the course's Periodic Table) and in rows called Periods (numbers not shown on the Periodic Table)
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Period
these are the horizontal rows that show the number of shells of electrons an atom has
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Group
these are the vertical columns that show how many outer electrons each atom has
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The electronic configuration is the arrangement of electrons into shells for an atom (e.g
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Flashcard (124)