Dynamics of Healthcare in Society - Final Rutgers Exam

Active listening requires fully concentrating on the speaker and paying attention to

non-verbal cues

When patients or colleagues ask for more information or detail, they are seeking

clarification

In a conversation, if you restate what a speaker has said using your own words you are

paraphrasing

reflecting is the process of using _____________ statements to repeat back what a person has said to ensure that the message is understood

open ended statements

Briefly reviewing the main points of information that was previously stated or communicated is part of which process?

summarizing

Good verbal communication consists of speaking respectfully, clearly, and avoiding which type of language?

highly technical

three common modes of communication:

verbal, nonverbal, written

speech, sight, and touch are...

channels of communication

tone of a speaker's voice can determine how his or her message is

perceived

important or sensitive healthcare information is best communicated to a patient through which means?

in person or by phone

in American culture, making eye contact as you speak is seen as a sign of

interest, truthfulness, and confidence

A person's sense of appropriate space may differ based on what factors?

cultural background and gender

before touching a patient as part of a medical exam or procedure what should you do first?

clearly explain the exam or procedure

patient education involves...

- helping a patient accept a diagnosis

- assisting patients in understanding their diagnosis

- providing guidance on medications or of a course of treatment

Why are accuracy and proper spelling and grammar extremely important in written medical communications?

errors can result in injury or harm to patients and/or pose a risk of legal action

Medical charts, laboratory reports, and patient instructions are examples of which type of communication?

written

When members of a minority group learn the cultural practices of the dominant group, they have undergone:

cultural assimilation

behaviors based on the biased belief that one's own culture or social group is superior to others are based on...

ethnocentrism

which factor has a primary effect on a family's ability to access her;thecae services?

income

it is important that healthcare professionals understand that patients with different cultural backgrounds than their own might...

view a situation differently

determination of race is based on which characteristics?

physical traits (hair and skin color and facial features)

Tay-Sachs disease and sickle-cell anemia are examples of which type of disorder?

hereditary

Patient's perception and expression of pain are influenced by their

cultural background

which responsibilities within the family can differ based on culture?

gender roles

The health of a family can be affected by its lack of affordable or adequate

hospitals

A common Asian belief values the welfare of the family above that of the

individual

WHich types of beliefs can influence a patient's willingness to agree to certain treatments?

religious beliefs

which group in society has physical or cultural characteristics that differ from the dominant group?

minority

people who are members of a larger cultural group but who's beliefs and values differ from those of the larger culture belong to a(n)

subculture

what type of transition involves entering and settling in a country or region of which one is not native-born?

emigration

culturally defined attitudes about punctuality and perceptions of past, present, and future determine a person's

time orientation

Methods of infection control designed to kill microorganisms are

bactericidal

methods of infection control designed to inhibit the growth of microorganisms are

disinfectant

sanitation involves

cleaning with soap or detergent

sterilization involves

equipment or agents that kill all forms of microorganisms

highest form of infection control is

sterilization

federal agency that enforces safety and health legislation to protect employees in the workplace is the

Occupations Safety and Health Administration

Federal agency whose mission is to protect citizens and promote health by preventing and reducing the spread of infectious diseases

Centers fro Disease Control and Prevention

which group requires oxygen to live and grow?

AERobic bacteria

A carrier that transports a disease causing organism from one host to another via indirect transmission is called a

vector

which type of container is used for the disposal of needles, ampules, slides, or blades?

Sharps waste

which type of documentation is required if a health professional or a patient is exposed to any biohazardous material?

incident report

what is the purpose of protective gear such as gloves, masks, and gowns?

to reduce the transmission of microorganisms and prevent the spread of disease

which type of infection is the most common in the world?

Upper Respiratory Tract Infection

what is the best way for healthcare professionals to avoid the transfer of microorganisms and break the chain of infection?

hand washing

a secondary disorder that develops as a result of being treated in a healthcare facility is a(n)

nosocomial infection

a healthcare professional who works with systems of numbers, letters, and symbols to document patient diagnoses and health care services is a

health information coder

according to Elizabeth Kubler-Ross, denial, anger, bargaining, depression, and acceptance are the________

5 stages of grief

a clinical laboratory technician who collects blood samples for testing and draws blood for transfusions

phlebotomist

system of numbers and symbols used to document medical procedures and diagnoses

medical coding

What benefits have advances in noninvasive and robotic techniques brought about for patients?

less pain, lower infection rates, and faster recovery times

which practice involves using remote devises to MONITOR patients' physical status from home or some other location as a distance from the health care provider?

tele-MONITORing

what is the name for the practice of using telecommunications and computer technology to provide care to individuals at a distance?

telemedicine

spreading untrue rumors about a coworker implying that they have a drug problem is an example of

slander

most lawsuits against health care professionals fall under the category of

civil law

what field assists medical physicians in the exam room as well as the reception desk?

medical assistant

what field of medicine has a broad range of knowledge serving a large range of patients?

general practitioner

Why do some cultures not trust the health care system?

- gender roles differ

- difference of pain and grief

- religion

- different values and beliefs

What holistic medicine deals with the alignment of the spine?

chiropractic

Why has home health care increased over the past decade?

- new technologies

- people living longer with chronic diseases/ rise of chronic diseases

- early discharge from hospitals

what is it called when vital signs from home are transmitted to doctors over the phone?

telemedicine

what is the basic legal right held by all U.S. citizens?

civil rights

what are the basic legal rights held by all U.S. citizens through the U.S. Constitution?

Constitutional rights

fundamental rights of all people regardless of citizenship status

human rights

law that focuses on issues between private citizens, such as medical malpractice

civil law

respecting the inherent worth and value of each individual shows respect for

human dignity

which type of problem solving method relies on the collection, observation, and evaluation of data?

scientific method

Measures designed to lower health care costs are known as

health care cost containment

which government health plan provides coverage for citizens ages 65 and older?

MEDICARE

which government health plan provides coverage for active and retired military personnel and their dependents?

TRICARE

which government health care plan provides coverage for low income individuals and families and the disabled?

MEDICAID

what is a goal of health care reform?

raise number of insure/ provide health insurance for those who are uninsured

Veterans Affairs facility (VA) hospital is an example of a(n)

government-funded facility

which type of managed care plan involves the coordination of care by a primary care physician and is a hybrid of HMO and PPO structures?

Point-of-service plan

What is the purpose of diagnostic relation groups?

to determine payment rates for health care services based on PATIENT DIAGNOSES

which type of managed care plan provides coverage only if services are provided by members of its hospital, physician, or pharmacy panel?

Health Maintenance Organization

which type of managed care plan has a contracted network of Providers but also allows members to receive care from a nonParticipating Provider?

Preferred Provider Organization / PPO

what signifies that a state government has granted authority for an individual to practice in a certain profession?

licensure

what signifies that an individual has met the requirements of a professional organization and has demonstrated mastery of a certain profession?

certification