Week 5 Lecture 1 - Metabolism

What are the 3 types of work?

Movement, membrane transport and chemical synthesis

What motor proteins power intracellular movements?

Kinesin, dynein and myosin. They move along microtubules and microfilaments in the cytoskeleton.

What do vesicles do?

Vesicles transport proteins and membranes to specific locations within the cell

How do cells move?

Using flagella or cilia to swim, or using pseudopodia where they push the front end forward and pull the back end.

What is membrane transport?

The movement of molecules or ions across membranes, important for maintaining osmotic balance otherwise cells can burst or shrivel.

What is chemical synthesis?

Involves making macromolecules from monomer subunits. Polysaccharides from sugars, proteins from amino acids and nucleic acids from nucleotides.

What is glycolysis?

Glycolysis is the metabolic process that converts glucose into pyruvate, producing a small amount of ATP and NADH in the process, occurring in the cytoplasm of cells. It is catalyzed by hexokinase.

What is the difference between catabolic and anabolic metabolic pathways?

Catabolic: breaks down complex molecules to simpler ones, spontaneous, produces energy.

Anabolic: builds complex molecules from simple ones, non-spontaneous, requires energy.