Plasma/Cytoplasmic Membrane Module 8

This set of flashcards covers essential vocabulary related to the plasma/cytoplasmic membrane, including structural components, transport mechanisms, and properties of solutions.

Phospholipid Bilayer

A structure consisting of hydrophobic tails and hydrophilic heads that forms the fundamental structure of plasma membranes.

Plasma Membrane is made up of?

Prokaryotes: phospholipids and numerous protiens

Eukaryotes and Mycoplasma: Phospholipids, few protiens, carbs, and sterols

Functions PM

Seperate enviroment from self - inside and outside

selectively permable - only let certain things through

ATP production in prokaryotes

Eukaryotic membranes contain carbs for cell-to-cell recognition

attachment sites for bacteria (prokaryotes)

Selectively Permeable

A property of the plasma membrane that allows certain substances to pass while excluding others.

What is the structure of PM?

Phospholipid bilayer - hydrophobic vs. hydrophillic parts, important with the selective permeable

Protiens - peripheral = only on the inside or outside of membrane, Intergal - through the membrane

Fluid Moiac Model - phospholipids and protien move laterally and freely

What are agents that destroy membrane?

Some disenfectants disrupt plasma membrane, ex. alcohol

Polymyxin antibiotics cause leakage from membrane and ultimate cell death

what is Passive process and its forms

Passive process: NO energy required and movement WITH concentration gradient (High-low)

Simple diffusion, omosis, facilliated diffusion,

Simple diffusion is?

Movement of small molecules (like O2)

Facilitated diffusion is?

Transport of larger molecules (like amino acids) with a concentration gradient by using a plasma membrane protien

chanel vs. carrier protien - protien that does not vs. does change shape upon transport of molecule, ex. protien permease

Hypertonic solution is?

Solution with a higher solute concentration than inside the cell (lots of salt)

Hypotonic solution is?

solution with a lower solute concentration than insde the cell (low salt, swells due to water)

Isotonic Isotonic solution?

A solution with a lower solute concentration than inside the cell (low salt, swells due to water)

Active Process is and what forms?

When energy IS required because of movemen AGAINST a concentration gadient, energy from ATP

Active transport, group translocation

Active transport is?

A single protien is required, molecule is not changed during transport, uniporter vs symporter, vs antiporter, movement depends on direction of molecule

Uniporter

A transport protein that moves a single type of molecule across the membrane.

Group translocation is?

Multiple protiens may be required, molecule is changed during transport, does not occur in eukaryotic cells