C790 WGU FOUNDATIONS IN NURSING INFORMATICS

HIS implementation benefits to healthcare

can improve cost control, increase the timeliness and accuracy of patient care and administration information, increase service capacity, reduce personnel costs and inventory levels, and improve the quality of patient care.

Nurse informaticist role in health information system

Looks for information, verifies ownership of information and connects other parties within the healthcare organization.

Lewin's Change Model

unfreezing, changing, refreezing

(planning, action, results).

Shannon & Weaver's mathematical model

Encoder (Transmitter): Encoder is the sender who uses machine, which converts message into signals or binary data. It might also directly refer to the machine.

Channel: Channel is the medium used to send message.

Decoder (Receiver): Decoder is the machine used to convert signals or binary data into message or the receiver who translates the message from signals.

Receiver (Destination): Receiver is the person who gets the message or the place where the message must reach. The receiver provides feedback according to the message.

Bloom's knowledge discovery from databases (DDD)/data mining steps

Selection

Preprocessing

Transformation

Data Mining

Interpretation

Transformation

CIO role in HIS implementation

oversees the operation of the information technology department and consults with other C-level personnel on technology-related needs and purchasing decisions.

SLC Phases

Solution Life Cycle

* Discover, Analyze, & Recommend.

* Design, Develop, & Integrate.

* Test & Quality Assurance.

* Deploy & Maintain.

* Evaluate.

* Archive & Retire.

SDLC

#1) Requirement Gathering and Analysis.

#2) Design.

#3) Implementation or Coding.

#4) Testing.

#5) Deployment.

#6) Maintenance.

Waterfall Model Phases

Requirements analysis and definition

System and software design

Implementation and unit testing

Integration and system testing

Operation and maintenance

NO OVERLAP

Agile Model

A development model that emphasizes continuous feedback and cross-functional teamwork.

adaptive approach to the SDLC

approach that assumes the project must be more flexible and adapt to changing needs as the project progresses

Predictive approach to the SDLC

an approach that assumes the project can be planned in advance and that the new information system can be developed according to the plan

Project Management Phases

Project management consists of a number of required activities that are grouped into four major stages of activity referred to as phases

Definition Phase

Planning Phase

Execution Phase

Analysis Phase

Project Life Cycle

initiation, planning, execution, closure

Usability and user experience

"effectiveness, efficiency and satisfaction with which specified users achieve specified goals in particular environments"

Standardized Clinical Terminology

required directly or indirectly to describe health conditions (e.g. symptoms, complaints, illness, diseases, disorders, etc.), and healthcare activities

Decision Support Tools

Screen for illness and disease.

Identify at risk patients

Aid w/ disease management

NIC (Nursing Interventions Classification)

Defines, and assists in choosing the appropriate nursing interventions for nurses, student nurses, administrators, and faculty

NOC (Nursing Outcomes Classification)

Standardizes the terminology and criteria for measurable or desirable outcomes as a result of nursing interventions.

SNOMED

Systemized Nomenclature of Medicine

LOINC

Terms and codes used for electronic exchange of lab results and clinical observations.

AHRQ

Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality

PNDS

Preoperative Nursing Data Set

Common language for preoperative nurses

DBMS

a software suite designed to organize and search data.

HL7

standards development organization accredited by the American National Standards Institute that addresses issues at the 7th, or application, level of healthcare system interconnections

ANSI

A private, non-profit organization that coordinates the development and use of voluntary consensus standards in the United States.

WEDI (Workgroup for Electronic Data Interchange)

supports standards with the goal of enhancing the quality of care, improving efficiency, and reducing costs of healthcare in the U.S.

DIKW framework

describes a hierarchical relationship between data, information, knowledge and wisdom

Mind Mapping

is a visual way to capture ideas and how they relate to one another.

system thinking

a way of monitoring the entire system by viewing multiple inputs being processed or transformed to produce outputs while continuously gathering feedback on each part

Six Sigma

A business process for improving quality, reducing costs, and increasing customer satisfaction

HCIS

health care information system

interoperability

the capability of two or more computer systems to share data and resources, even though they are made by different manufacturers

technical interoperability

is the ability to exchange the data from one point to another. Syntactic and functional interoperability are additional terms that refer to the movement of data that does not necessarily ensure the meaning of the data.

semantic interoperability

guarantees that the meaning of the exchanged data remains the same on both ends of the transaction

process interoperability

coordinates business processes at the organizational level; allowing the systems to work together.

system check

a mechanism provided by the computer system to assist users by prompting them to complete a task, verify information, or prevent entry of inappropriate information

Data Mining

is a knowledge management tool that engages software to uncover inter-relationships within large data sets.

CER (Comparative Effectiveness Research)

conduct and synthesis of research comparing interventions and strategies to prevent, diagnose and treat health conditions

ABC (Alternative Billing Codes) Codes

capture non-physician and alternative medicine health services provided by health professionals.

CCC (Clinical Care Classification)

document Nursing Care in EHR

CDA (Clinical Document Architecture)

Used to share documents across systems, an HL7 standard.

CPT

Current Procedural Terminology used to code procedures.

DICOM (Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine)

standard protocol used for blending a picture archiving and communications system and various imaging modalities

FHIR

Fast Health Interoperability Resources

NCPDP (National Council for Prescription Drug Programs)

Standards supporting drug prescribing, dispensing, monitoring, managing and paying for meds and pharm services.

X12N

A subcommittee of X12 that defines EDI standards for the insurance industry, including healthcare insurance

ASTM

American Society of Testing and Materials

Develops international standards for materials, products, systems, and services

ICD

International Classification of Diseases. ICD-10

ICNP

International Classification for Nursing Practice

IEEE

Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers

A professional organization that develops communications and network standards, among other activities.

ISO

International Organization for Standardization/Industry

Standards Organization

Over 155+ standards

NANDA

North American Nursing Diagnosis Association

Purpose is to define, refine, and promote a taxonomy of nursing diagnostic terminology of general use to professional nurses.

NMMDS

Nursing Management Minimum Data Set

It contains 19 data elements related to staffing, patient populations, model of care delivery and type of nursing unit.

NMDS

Nursing Minimum Data Set

Contains 16 elements of nursing data, definitions, demographics and service

Omaha

Practice and documentation standardized taxonomy designed to describe client care

Consisting of an assessment component (Problem Classification Scheme)

A care plan/services component (Intervention Scheme)

An evaluation component (Problem Rating Scale for Outcomes)

UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)

Projects to link various biomedical vocabularies nomenclatures together.

It’s goal is to enable computers to understand medical meaning.

Project initiation

-Identify the problem

-Quantify approval factors

-Perform risk and feasibility study

-Review with client & obtain approval.

project planning

planning, organizing and scheduling the project

analysis

focuses on discovering and understanding the details of the problem or need

design

configuring and structuring the new system components

implementation

programming and testing the system

deployment

installing and putting the system into operation