APA Ethics Codes

What are the 5 APA General Principles?

1. Beneficence and non-maleficence: Psychologists strive to benefit those with whom they work and take care to do no harm.

2. Fidelity and Responsibility: Psychologists establish relationships of trust with those with whom they work. They are aware of their professional and scientific responsibilities to society and to the specific communities in which they work.

3. Integrity: Psychologists seek to promote accuracy, honesty, and

truthfulness in the science, teaching, and practice of psychology.

4. Justice: Psychologists recognize that fairness and justice entitle

all persons to access to and benefit from the contributions of psychology and to equal quality in the processes,

procedures, and services being conducted by psychologists.

5. Respect for People's Rights and Dignity: Psychologists respect the dignity and worth of all people,

and the rights of individuals to privacy, confidentiality, and self-determination.

What is section 1 of the APA ethics codes?

Resolving ethical issues

1.01 Misuse of psychologist's work

If psychologists learn of misuse or misrepresentation of their work, they take reasonable steps to correct or minimize the misuse or misrepresentation.

1.02 Conflicts Between Ethics and Law,

Regulations, or Other Governing

Legal Authority

If psychologists' ethical responsibilities conflict with

law, regulations, or other governing legal authority, psychologists

clarify the nature of the conflict, make known their commitment to the Ethics Code, and take reasonable steps

to resolve the conflict consistent with the General Principles and Ethical Standards of the Ethics Code.

1.03 Conflicts Between Ethics

and Organizational Demands

If the demands of an organization with which psychologists

are affiliated or for whom they are working are in conflict with this Ethics Code, psychologists clarify the nature

of the conflict, make known their commitment to the Ethics Code, and take reasonable steps to resolve the conflict consistent with the General Principles and Ethical Standards of the Ethics Code.

1.04 Informal Resolution of Ethical Violations

When psychologists believe that there may have been an ethical violation by another psychologist, they attempt to resolve the issue (e.g. bringing it up to person)

1.05 Reporting Ethical Violations

If an apparent ethical violation has substantially harmed or is likely to substantially harm a person or organization psychologists take

further action appropriate to the situation. (e.g. referral to state or national committees on professional

ethics, to state licensing boards, or to the appropriate institutional authorities).

1.06 Cooperating With Ethics Committees

Psychologists cooperate in ethics investigations, proceedings,

and resulting requirements of the APA or any affiliated state psychological association to which they belong.

1.07 Improper Complaints

Psychologists do not file or encourage the filing of ethics complaints that are made with reckless disregard for or

willful ignorance of facts that would disprove the allegation.

1.08 Unfair Discrimination Against Complainants

and Respondents

Psychologists do not deny persons employment, advancement,

admissions to academic or other programs, tenure, or promotion, based solely upon their having made or their being the subject of an ethics complaint. This does not preclude taking action based upon the outcome of such proceedings

or considering other appropriate information.

What is section 2 of the APA ethics codes?

Competence

2.01 Boundaries of Competence

Psychologists provide services, teach, and conduct research with populations and in areas only within the boundaries of their competence, based on their education, training,

supervised experience, consultation, study, or professional

experience.

2.02 Providing Services in Emergencies

In emergencies, when psychologists provide services to individuals for whom other mental health services are not available and for which psychologists have not obtained the

necessary training, psychologists may provide such services in order to ensure that services are not denied.

2.03 Maintaining Competence

Psychologists undertake ongoing efforts to develop and maintain their competence.

2.04 Bases for Scientific and Professional

Judgments

Psychologists' work is based upon established scientific and professional knowledge of the discipline.

2.05 Delegation of Work to Others

Psychologists who delegate work to employees, supervisees,

or research or teaching assistants make sure don't have multiple relationships, make sure they only do things they are competent to do, and observe that the person performs services competently.

2.06 Personal Problems and Conflicts

Psychologists refrain from initiating an activity when they know or should know that there is a substantial

likelihood that their personal problems will prevent them

from performing their work-related activities in a competent

manner (Seek consultation when become aware).

What is the 3rd section of APA ethics codes?

Human relations

3.01 Unfair Discrimination

In their work-related activities, psychologists do not engage in unfair discrimination based on age, gender, gender identity, race, ethnicity, culture, national origin, religion, sexual orientation, disability, socioeconomic status, or any basis

proscribed by law.

3.02 Sexual Harassment

Psychologists do not engage in sexual harassment.

3.03 Other Harassment

Psychologists do not knowingly engage in behavior that is harassing or demeaning to persons with whom they interact in their work

3.04 Avoiding Harm

Psychologists take reasonable steps to avoid harming their clients/patients, students, supervisees, research participants,

organizational clients, and others with whom they work, and to minimize harm where it is foreseeable and unavoidable.

3.05 Multiple Relationships

A multiple relationship occurs when a psychologist is in a professional role with a person and (1) at the same

time is in another role with the same person, (2) at the same

time is in a relationship with a person closely associated with

or related to the person with whom the psychologist has the

professional relationship, or (3) promises to enter into another

relationship in the future with the person or a person closely associated with or related to the person.

Refrain from entering into one, take reasonable steps to resolve when notice it happened, clarify roles if you absolutely have to.

3.06 Conflict of Interest

Psychologists refrain from taking on a professional role when personal, scientific, professional, legal, financial, or other interests or relationships could reasonably be expected to (1) impair their objectivity, competence, or effectiveness in performing their functions as psychologists or (2) expose the person or organization with whom the professional relationship exists to harm or exploitation.

3.07 Third-Party Requests for Services

When psychologists agree to provide services to a person or entity at the request of a third party, psychologists

attempt to clarify at the outset of the service the nature of the

relationship with all individuals or organizations involved.

3.08 Exploitative Relationships

Psychologists do not exploit persons over whom they have supervisory, evaluative, or other authority such as clients/ patients, students, supervisees, research participants,

and employees.

3.09 Cooperation With Other Professionals

When indicated and professionally appropriate, psychologists

cooperate with other professionals in order to serve their clients/patients effectively and appropriately

3.10 Informed Consent

When psychologists conduct research or provide

assessment, therapy, counseling, or consulting services in person

or via electronic transmission or other forms of communication,

they obtain the informed consent of the individual

3.11 Psychological Services Delivered to or

Through Organizations

Psychologists delivering services to or through organizations provide information beforehand to clients and

when appropriate those directly affected by the services

3.12 Interruption of Psychological Services

Unless otherwise covered by contract, psychologists

make reasonable efforts to plan for facilitating services in the

event that psychological services are interrupted

What is the fourth section of the APA ethics codes?

Privacy and confidentiality

What codes make up privacy and confidentiality?

4.01 Maintaining confidentiality

4.02 Discussing the limits of confidentiality

4.03 Recording

4.04 Minimizing Intrusions on Privacy

4.05 Disclosures

4.06 Consultations

4.07 Use of Confidential Information for Didactic or Other Purposes

What is the fifth APA Code of Ethics?

Advertising and Other Public Statements

What codes make up Advertising and Other Public Statements?

5.01 Avoidance of False or Deceptive Statements

5.02 Statements by others

5.03 Descriptions of Workshops and Non-Degree-Granting Educational Programs

5.04 Media Presentations

5.05 Testimonials

5.06 In-Person Solicitation

What is the sixth APA Code of Ethics?

Record Keeping and Fees

What codes make up Recording Keeping and Fees?

6.01 Documentation of Professional and Scientific Work and Maintenance of Records

6.02 Maintenance, Dissemination, and Disposal of Confidential Records of Professional and Scientific Work

6.03 Withholding records for nonpayment

6.04 Fees and financial arrangements

6.05 Barter with Clients/Patients

6.06 Accuracy in reports to payors and funding sources

6.07 Referral and fees

What is the seventh APA Code of Ethics?

Education and Training

What codes make up Education and Training?

7.01 Design of Education and Training Programs

7.02 Descriptions of Education and Training Programs

7.03 Accuracy in Teaching

7.04 Student Disclosure of Personal Information

7.05 Mandatory Individual or Group Therapy

7.06 Assessing Student and Supervisee Performance

7.07 Sexual Relationships with Students and Supervisees

What is the eighth APA Code of Ethics?

Research and Publication

What codes make up Research and Publication?

8.01 Institutional Approval

8.02 Informed consent to Research

8.03 Informed Consent for Recording voices and Images in Research

8.04 Client/Patient, Student, and Subordinate Research Participants

8.05 Dispensing with Informed Consent for Research (only when it wont cause harm, educational settings, only anonymous, permitted by law)

8.06 Offering Inducements for Research Participation

8.07 Deceptions in Research

8.08 Debriefing

8.09 Humane Care and Use of Animals in Research

8.10 Reporting Research Results

8.11 Plagiarism

8.12 Publication Credit

8.13 Duplicate Publication of Data

8.14 Sharing Research Data for Verification

8.15 Reviewers

What is the ninth section of APA code of ethics?

Assessment

What codes make up Assessment?

9.01 Bases for assessment

9.02 Use of Assessment

9.03 Informed Consent in Assessments

9.04 Release of Test Data

9.05 Test Construction

9.06 Interpreting Assessment Results

9.07 Assessment by Unqualified Persons

9.08 Obsolete Tests and Outdated Test Results

9.09 Test Scoring and Interpretation Services

9.10 Explaining Assessment Results

9.11 Maintaining Test Security

What is the tenth APA Code of Ethics?

Therapy

What codes make up Therapy

10.01 Informed consent to therapy

10.02 Therapy Involving Couples or Families

10.03 Group Therapy

10.04 Providing Therapy to Those Served by Others

10.05 Sexual Intimacies With Current Therapy Clients/Patients

10.06 Sexual Intimacies With Relatives or Significant Others of Current Therapy Clients/Patients

10.07 Therapy With Former Sexual Partners

10.08 Sexual Intimacies With Former Therapy Clients/Patients

10.09 Interruption of Therapy

10.10 Terminating Therapy

What are the 10 APA Standards?

1. Resolving Ethical Issues.

2. Competence

3. Human Relations

4. Privacy and Confidentiality

5. Advertising and Other Public Statements

6. Record Keeping and Fees

7. Education and Training

8. Research and Publication

9. Assessment

10. Therapy