AP U.S. History Unit 2 Test Review

These flashcards cover key themes from the Unit 2 Test of AP U.S. History, focusing on colonization, Native American interactions, economic developments, and social transformations in early American history.

What did Alfred W. Crosby argue about the impact of horses on North American Indian settlement patterns in the plains region?

The introduction of the horse enabled Indians to abandon farming and adopt nomadic lifestyles centered around hunting buffalo herds.

According to Crosby, how did the horse affect economic and societal development in the plains of North America?

The horse was a turning point that increased mobility and allowed plains Indians to harvest large quantities of food.

What concern does Edmund Randolph’s account of King Philip’s War highlight regarding Native Americans and New England colonists?

It reflects the concerns of Native Americans about the influence of English laws and alcohol on their society.

How did the introduction of European firearms impact the Ojibways?

It gave them a significant advantage in hunting and warfare, leading to the depletion of beaver populations and conflict with other tribes.

What does John Winthrop's 1629 argument regarding land ownership imply about European views of Native Americans?

It reflects a belief that Native Americans did not properly utilize the land, justifying European claims to it.

What was the significance of the Navigation Act of 1696?

It was designed to control colonial trade and ensure profits flowed back to England, reflecting mercantilist policies.

What aspect of American Indian warfare is depicted in Samuel de Champlain's account of the early 1600s?

It illustrates the early violent engagements between European powers and Native Americans, highlighting the excitement and brutality of these conflicts.

What underlying belief is evidenced in the Maryland Act Concerning Religion of 1644?

It reflects an early move towards religious tolerance in colonial America, allowing individuals to practice their faith freely.

How did the Algonquin tribes' experiences illustrate European colonization in North America?

They faced significant challenges and losses due to trade dynamics and the flow of new weapons to their rivals.

What outcome resulted from Nathaniel Bacon's actions in Virginia in 1676?

Bacon's Rebellion highlighted class tensions and led to the increased reliance on African slave labor as a result of fears of revolt among indentured servants.

How does Ira Berlin's argument about enslaved people’s agency challenge traditional narratives about slavery?

Berlin argues that enslaved people actively shaped their lives and had some control over their circumstances, rather than being solely victims of their condition.

What significant change in relationships between colonists and Native Americans occurred during the colonial period?

There was an overall intensification of conflict, often exacerbated by colonial policies and Native resistance efforts.

What is illustrated by Richard Frethorne's letter as an indentured servant in 1623?

It shows the harsh realities and struggles faced by indentured servants in colonial Virginia.

How did colonial responses to Native Americans vary throughout the 17th and 18th centuries?

Responses ranged from alliances and trade to violent conflicts and displacement, often reflecting the changing economic and political needs of the colonists.

What role did religion play in the founding of New England colonies according to Winthrop's ideals?

Winthrop emphasized creating a society guided by religious principles, seeking a community that upheld Puritan values and morality.

What does the fur trade's impact on American Indian communities reveal about the long-term effects of European colonization?

It led to significant social, economic, and environmental changes for Native American tribes, including increased competition for resources.

What did the Albany Plan of Union reflect about colonial attitudes towards governance?

It showcased early inclinations towards unifying efforts among the colonies for mutual defense and trade regulation.

How did the sentiments expressed in Bacon's Declaration resonate with later colonial resistance movements?

Bacon's grievances against colonial authorities reflect early ideas of self-governance and opposition to perceived tyrannical rule.

What was one of the primary economic impacts of tobacco cultivation in Virginia?

It led to a demand for labor, ultimately causing a transition from indentured servitude to a reliance on enslaved African labor.

What effect did European colonization have on Native American populations in terms of disease and conflict?

Colonization resulted in significant population declines among Native Americans due to disease and violent confrontations.