cell
smallest unit of life
homeostasis
ability to maintain
steady internal conditions when
outside conditions change
multicellular
made of two or more
cells
unicellular
made of one cell
reproduction
the process that makes more living things
organization
Living things have specialized structures with specialized functions.
growth
Living things can __________ by increasing cell size and/or increasing cell number.
development
Changing from one kind of cell to a specialized cell is _____________________.
Response to stimuli
Living things adjust and respond to changes in their internal and external environments.
Homeostasis
Living things maintain stable internal conditions.
Energy
Living things use ____________ for all the processes they perform.
Polarity
water is a polar molecule with one oxygen atom negatively charged and two hydrogen atoms positively charged.
Universal solvent
Water - due to its polarity and ability to dissolve other polar molecules
Hydrogen bonds
The weak intermolecular bonds that form between the hydrogen atom of one water molecule and the oxygen atom of another water molecule.
Solvent
Does the dissolving
Solute
Substance being dissolved
Solution
Solvent +Solute=Solution
Ex. Jello, Koolaid, and salt water
density
the ratio of the mass of a substance to the volume of the substance (The density of water is 1.0 g/cm3)
Polar Molecule
a molecule in which one side of the molecule is slightly negative and the opposite side is slightly positive
Buffer
A solution that minimizes changes in pH when extraneous acids or bases are added to the solution. Proteins and Amino acids are intracellular fluid buffers. Carbonic acid/bicarbonate is an extracellular buffer. Hemoglobin / Oxyhemoglobin is an RBC buffer.
Cohesion
Attraction between molecules of the same substance
Adhesion
An attraction between molecules of different substances (water and another substance)
Surface Tension
An invisible film at the surface of water that allows objects to walk. This is caused by the cohesive forces.
high specific heat
Water can absorb or release a tremendous amount of energy with little change in actual temperature. The ability of water to resist changes in temperature. 1 gram of water will need to absorb 4.18 Joules (amount of heat) in order to increase its temperature by 1 degree Celsius.
Acid
any compound that forms hydrogen (H+) ions in solution
Base
a compound that produces hydroxide ions (OH-) in solution
pH scale
scale with values from 0 to 14, used to measure the concentration of H+ ions in a solution; a pH of 0 to 7 is acidic, a pH of 7 is neutral, and a pH of 7 to 14 is basic
Homeostasis
the process of maintaining the body chemical and thermal components in equilibrium. What hormone is responsible with maintaining the water homeostasis in human's body?
Expansion upon freezing
hydrogen bonds in ice are more "ordered and spaced out" making ice larger and LESS DENSE