A distinct group of economic activities related to the production of goods and services.

Basic materials that are used to produce goods.

The process of transitioning from an agrarian economy to one based on manufacturing.

A period of rapid industrial growth and technological innovation that began in the late 18th century.

Small-scale, home-based production of goods, typically by family units.

Categories of the economy based on different types of economic activity.

The sector that involves the extraction of natural resources.

Agriculture, mining, fishing, forestry.

The sector that involves manufacturing and processing of goods.

Construction, manufacturing, food processing.

The sector that provides services rather than goods.

Retail, healthcare, education, finance.

The sector focused on knowledge-based activities involving services related to technology.

Research and development, IT services, consulting.

The sector that focuses on high-level decision making and specialized knowledge.

Non-profit activities, education, healthcare.

An economy that has transitioned from manufacturing-based to service-oriented.

United States, Canada, Japan.

The total monetary value of all finished goods and services produced within a country's borders in a specific time period.

An economy that features both modern and traditional sectors, often with significant disparities.

Primary jobs, due to reliance on agriculture and raw material extraction.

Secondary jobs, as they have more industrial processing.

Tertiary jobs, owing to advanced economies focused on services.

Rural; they are closely tied to natural resource extraction.

Urban; they are located near infrastructure and markets.

Urban; they thrive in population-dense regions.

Economic development often drives urbanization as people move to cities for job opportunities.

Women gain more opportunities in education and careers as economies grow.

A concept that explains the location of industries based on minimizing costs.

Transportation, labor, and agglomeration.

The clustering of industries in a specific area to benefit from shared resources and services.

Locations where goods are transferred from one mode of transport to another.

Industries that lose weight during production, located closer to raw materials.

Industries that gain weight during production, located closer to markets.

Designated areas for industrial development, often found near transportation hubs.

Costs; profits.

The process of improving people's well-being and quality of life.

The total value of all goods and services produced by a country's residents.

Total income earned by a country's residents and businesses, including any income earned abroad.

The part of the economy that is regulated and taxed by the government.

The part of the economy that is not regulated or taxed.

A composite index measuring average achievement in key dimensions of human development.

An economic theory that allows the comparison of the purchasing power of various world currencies.

Economically developed and industrialized nations.

Economic resources and development.

Economies that are transitioning towards higher development.

Have significant internal disparities.

The average number of children a woman would have in her lifetime.

The number of infant deaths for every 1,000 live births.

The average number of years a person can expect to live.

Measures of educational attainment and reading/writing skills in a population.

Income inequality or poor access to health and education can skew HDI.

It doesn't capture disparities in income distribution or qualitative aspects of development.

An index measuring gender disparities in human development.

An index measuring inequality between genders in three dimensions: reproductive health, empowerment, and labor market.

Perfect equality between genders.

Total inequality between genders.

The process of increasing the capacity of women to make choices.

The number of women who die from pregnancy-related causes per 100,000 live births.

The number of live births per 1,000 women aged 15-19.

By the percentage of women elected to political office.

By the highest level of education completed.

Broader and more varied, often include high-level positions.

Small loans designed to support entrepreneurship in developing countries.

To enable women to start their businesses and become financially independent.

Responsible travel to natural areas that conserves the environment and improves the well-being of local people.

Pollution, habitat destruction, and depletion of resources.

Displacement of communities and loss of livelihoods.

To address global challenges and promote prosperity while protecting the planet.

Over-tourism, cultural commodification, and impacts on local societies.