Copy of Age of Absolutism

Absolutism

The acceptance of or belief in absolute principles in political, philosophical, ethical, or theological matters.

Spanish Armada

A fleet launched by Philip II of Spain in 1588 to defeat Protestant England but ultimately defeated, marking the decline of Spain's power in Europe.

Protestantism in England

The religious movement in England under Queen Elizabeth I aimed at balancing power between Spain and France.

Divine Right

The doctrine that monarchs derive their authority from God, asserting total power by divine sanction.

Louis XIV

The French monarch known as the 'Sun King,' who centralized power and built the Grand Palace of Versailles.

Mercantilism

An economic policy aimed at maximizing exports and minimizing imports to increase national wealth.

The Thirty Years War

A conflict from 1618 to 1648 involving Catholic and Protestant states in the Holy Roman Empire.

Cromwell's Dictatorship

The period when Oliver Cromwell led England after the English Civil War, ruling with authoritarian measures.

Glorious Revolution

The bloodless overthrow of King James II of England, resulting in William and Mary taking the throne.

English Bill of Rights

A document that limited the powers of the king and set out the rights of parliament and individuals.

Habeas Corpus Act

A law that protects individuals from being arrested and detained without just cause.

St. Petersburg

The capital city of Russia for 200 years, symbolizing Russia's modernization under Peter the Great.

Charle's I

The English king whose conflict with Parliament led to the English Civil War and his eventual execution.

The Rise of Austria & Prussia

The emergence of Austria and Prussia as powerful states in Europe, influenced by wars and territorial expansion.

Cardinal Richelieu

A key adviser to Louis XIII, who limited Huguenots' and noble power to strengthen the monarchy.